The requirements for soil in cowpea planting are not very high. As long as the drainage is good, the soil can be loose and fertile. Under normal circumstances, cowpea can grow normally under the high temperature of 35 degrees or more in summer. The following series of HuiNong.com will bring you to learn some technical points of cowpea cultivation.
1. Land preparation and application of base fertilizer
Beans have a long growing period and are not resistant to cockroaches. They need a lot of nutrients during their birth. The growth of the beans needs to choose a soil with deep soil and rich organic matter. We have said it in the introduction here, but we will not talk more about it now. Ten days to fifteen days before planting, it is necessary to apply soil preparation. Generally, it is to apply fully decomposed human excrement or chicken and duck manure 1500 to 2000 kg per mu, 75 to 100 kg of plant ash, and 15 to 20 kg of superphosphate. It is also a ditch. After the preparation of the ground, the face is 100 to 110 cm wide, the groove is 40 cm wide, and the width is 20 to 25 cm. After the surface is flattened, cover the mulch.
Second, sowing, seedling
If the cowpea is cultivated early, it needs strong seedlings. The sowing time can be determined according to the local climate, temperature, and cultivation facilities. If it is covered by a greenhouse, it is recommended to plant it between the end of February and the beginning of March. If it is a small arch shed covering cultivation method, it is recommended to plant in the middle and late March. Of course, the sowing period in some areas can be delayed until late April to early May, and the seeding method can be broadcast live.
Seeds should be selected first before sowing. Seeds should be selected from those that look large and full of particles and have no surface damage. Before planting, choose a sunny weather for one to two days. If necessary, you can use the pesticide to mix and plant. Prepare the seedbed before planting. Remember that the thickness of the nutrient soil in the seedbed should not be less than five centimeters. The soil of the seedbed should be wet and dry, not too wet, otherwise it will easily cause seed rot.
Generally, four or five days after sowing, seedlings will begin to emerge. If about 30% of the seeds are unearthed, everyone should remember to uncover the straw and mulch in time. After four or five days after Qi Miao, the seedlings will be started. During this period, the temperature at night should not be lower than ten degrees.
Third, colonization
Although the root system of peas is very developed, there are also disadvantages, that is, the ability to regenerate is not high, so it is generally transplanted with seedlings.
Fourth, management after planting
Make up
This should be checked frequently after planting. If seedlings with damaged seedlings or basal leaves are found, remember to replenish the seedlings in time. After replenishing the seedlings, water is also poured.
2. Water management
Before the beans are podted, the beans must be strictly controlled. It is usually done once in three to five days after planting. After flowering and pod formation, the amount of watering can be appropriately increased, mainly to promote the growth of fruit pods. When the young pods are two or three centimeters, they can be poured. After that, they are poured once every 5 to 7 days. Of course, in the rainy season, it is also necessary to prevent stagnant water from causing water.
3. Top dressing
After the cowpea seedlings survive, it is necessary to apply a seedling fertilizer. After flowering, it is necessary to apply 1500kg of decomposed human urine with 20% concentration. After the pod is placed, 10 kg of superphosphate is applied, and 2000 kg of 20% of the decomposed human excrement is applied, and the following is applied once every other week. In the late growth stage of the beans, the top dressing can be continuously applied 2 to 3 times, with 15 to 20 kg of compound fertilizer each time.
4. Timely scaffolding
When the vines of the cowpeas start to vine, they must be framed in time. Usually they are placed in a frame with two meters to two meters long. Each hole is 10 to 15 cm away from the base of the plant. Insert the bamboo raft into the soil about 15 to 20cm. After the frame is completed, the vines should be introduced two or three times in a counterclockwise direction.
V. Pest Control
It is best to take comprehensive prevention and control of pests and diseases, use insecticidal lamps for exposed cowpeas, and insect nets for facility cultivation. Disease prevention can use disease-resistant bean varieties, strengthen field management, find diseased plants, and destroy them in time.
Sixth, harvest
The harvesting time of beans is generally about 40 days to 50 days after planting. Generally speaking, the maturity of the product can be reached from ten days to twelve days after the flowering of the beans.
The above is the key points of cultivation techniques of cowpea. Of course, this technique is only for reference. If you have more comprehensive technology, you can only provide it, leave a message! Hui Nongwang original article, please indicate the source author.
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