Beginning in 2005, the author conducted an experiment to overcome the results of “small and big years” on the mountain Guoguang apple. The experiment site was in Shangban Town, Chengde County, and the mountain orchard had an area of ​​about 50 acres. 360 tree-planted 17-year-old fruit trees were selected. Among them, 300 were the main planting varieties Guoguang, 20 were red marshals pollinated varieties, and 30 were from Rujing, India. Strains. Before 2005, due to extensive management, the tree vigor was weak, the pests and diseases were serious, and the phenomenon of “small and big years” was particularly serious. The output variation ranged from 60% to 70%. From 2005 to 2008, the yield per mu was 3,075 kg, 3444 kg, 3831 kg, and 4,441 kg respectively. The primary and secondary fruit rates were 65%, 75%, 82%, and 85%, respectively, basically eliminating the "size and year" of fruit trees. phenomenon. The main technical measures are as follows:

First, to strengthen soil fertilizer management

1. Improve the soil. Improve soil physical and chemical properties, increase organic matter, build horizontal terraces, and select intercropping of crops with strong coverage (sweet potato, peanut, soybean, etc.) to increase ground cover and control soil erosion. Each year, cultivating and weeding are carried out 3 to 4 times, and the tree disk is turned upside down 1 or 2 times.

2. Fertilization. After the middle-maturing varieties are harvested in the beginning of autumn, the ring-shaped groove fertilization method is adopted, that is, the ring-shaped groove is opened 1.5 meters away from the trunk, and each plant is applied to 250-300 kilograms of farmyard manure, and the annular groove expands year by year. In the early spring each year, water is applied in combination with multiple acupoints. Apply ammonium bicarbonate to 3 to 4 kg. Apply ternary compound fertilizer 1.5 to 2 kg per plant after flowering. Spray 0.3% to 0.5% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate during the growing season. Three times each.

3. Watering. Pour flower water and frozen water once a year.

Second, the application of comprehensive pruning technology

1. Implement reasonable winter cuts and cuttings to determine a reasonable amount of flower buds.

(1) Winter trimming. First of all, the backbone branches were adjusted to eliminate excessive dense nourishing branches, clear the interlamellar, improve the illumination, slowly put on the branches near the backbone, or cut in the middle of the year, increase the space and increase the result area. In the new year, we should start with the control of the amount of flowers. The overall amount of pruning should not be lighter, and the vegetative branches should be kept more slowly. One pair of long fruit branches should be lightly cut and broken to achieve the purpose of changing flowers. For string squid to be cut according to its thickness, the general thickness of about 1 cm to leave 2 to 3 flower buds, less than 1 cm to stay 1 to 2 flower buds. 2 The fine and weak result branch groups retracted in time, the large branch group and the overly high central main branch that affected the light were removed and the head was happy to reduce the overall flower amount. The results were updated in detail, and thin and weak branches were trimmed, and flower branches were cut again, and one-year-old development branches were slowly placed. 3 The strong, sticky, and dense branches of the periphery and the back were completely removed to save nutrition. When the densely-packed branches are crossed, the flowering branches must be sparse and the vegetative branches should be kept. 4 pairs of horizontal, oblique development of the branch, you should lightly cut the bud or in the spring and autumn tip of the junction wearing a cap trim, to promote the formation of buds in the branches.

At the young age, with the emphasis on flower buds, the overall amount of pruning should be light. 1 pairs of development branches should be more short cut, promote vegetative growth, reduce the slow release, to prevent the formation of excessive flower buds that year. For branches with no flowers in the front and flowers in the middle, the branches should be retracted as far as possible to the squid area. The squid branches should be cut at full buds to increase the fruit setting rate. 2 For the weakly growing branches, heavier retraction can be performed; for the auxiliary branches and the central branches, all flowers must be left, and strong branches should be eliminated. The short branches and long branches with flower buds and fruit branch branches are generally not short-circuited or retracted, leaving many flower buds and re-adjusting them when they are sheared. For the branchlets with weak flowers on the front, the invalid branches on the back can be removed. 4 Too few flower buds The young tree can be cut only in the winter, only one year old long branch, off the buds long branch buds and fine hair sticks, and other branches wait until the bud stage complex cutting to avoid mistakenly cut flower buds.

(2) Cut flowers before flowering. Pre-flower shearing is an important part of overcoming the size of the year and adjusting the amount of flowers. In particular, the Dainian tree must be well-prepared to adjust the amount of flower buds in the tree to make it a reasonable burden.

2. Perform summer cuts and thinning and fruit thinning in time to avoid excessive results.

In addition to winter cuts and summer cuts, it is also necessary to thin and thin the fruit to determine the appropriate load. From the aspect of saving nutrition, the sooner the fruit removal is, the better the sparse flowering effect is. Only relying on thinning fruit can not eliminate the size of the first must be sparse.

It is advisable to start fruit thinning and Guo Guoguo will complete the fruit thinning work 25 days after flowering, and it will be completed at least 40 days after the flowering period. After confirming that the fruit has been fertilized, it begins to sparse, with strong trees and strong branches to keep more fruits, and weak branches to keep fruits less. The inflorescence of the remaining fruits usually leaves 1 to 2 fruits, and no more than 3 fruits at most, leaving an inflorescence at every inflorescence. Leave fruit inflorescences to keep the same size of the fruit, because the center fruit is easy to squeeze out, grasp the ratio of strong fruit to 3 to 4:1, weak tree is 4 to 5:1. Fruit and fruit deputy branches 5 cm below to stay 1 fruit, 10 cm or less to stay 1 to 2 fruit, thinning fruit to use small scissors, cut from the base of the fruit stem. Summer pruning is also an indispensable measure to overcome Guoguang Apple’s “small and big year” results. The circumcision can be performed on Wangshu auxiliary twigs at the young age, which can significantly increase the fruit setting rate. 1 ringing. After the middle and short branches were capped at the middle of the year, some of the transitional secondary nutrients were girdled before the flower buds were largely differentiated. 2 twist tip. When the back of the main side grows to 25 centimeters or more (half lignification period), the tip is twisted 6 to 8 centimeters from the base to prevent it from drawing long strips and consume more nutrients. According to the investigation Guo Guo apple twists into shoots. The rate is 20% to 30%. 3 Topping. For Wangshu trees, they will be picked up once every 10 centimeters in order to increase their branches and grades. 4 Pull branches open angle. Through branching, pulling, support and other methods to open the angle of branches at all levels, can improve the light conditions of the crown, balance the growth potential of the backbone of the front branch, improve the fruit setting rate, and promote the coloring of the fruit. In addition, the new shoots that are too dense and erect are removed and the remaining upright shoots are softened and flattened to ease the growth potential. Remove the sprouting twig near the big cut to save nutrition.

Third, strengthen pest control

It mainly controls pests such as rot, beetles, star caterpillars, leafhoppers, aphids, and borers, and controls pests before or during their occurrence.

The Greenhouse Film Manual Roll Up Unit can roll up a length of 60-80 meter, running stably with fine out side looking and long time of usage. The inside drive gears are made of high quality steel with fine workmanship, and what is more, there is lubricating bearing assembled on the out put and input shaft. At the meantime, there is also a group of reverse gear added to it. All these make the unit to be light and easy for

Greenhouse Film Electric Roll Up

Greenhouse Film Electric Roll Up,Roll Up Curtain Greenhouse,Greenhouse Film Vent Roller,Greenhouse Roll Up Motor

JIANGSU SKYPLAN GREENHOUSE TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD , http://www.spgreenhouse.com