Sunflower is the “pioneer crop on the saline-alkaline land” and the “excellent crop of water-saving agriculture”. The development of sunflower production is conducive to the full development and utilization of land resources, increasing agricultural income, and at the same time, it can also stimulate local animal husbandry, beekeeping and oil processing industries. The development of the market has great potential. The specific cultivation techniques are as follows: I. Environmental requirements: Sunflowers have strong low-temperature tolerance at the seedling stage and maturity stage. The seeds begin to swell and germinate at 2 to 4°C, they germinate at 4°C, they can emerge at 5°C, and they can meet the needs of normal emergence at 8 to 10°C. Seedlings can tolerate low temperatures of 4°C for several hours, and can still recover normal growth after low temperatures, and have strong cold resistance. When the temperature is as high as 50°C and the relative humidity is 30 to 50%, normal physiological activities can still be performed by adjusting the body temperature by virtue of the transpiration of the leaves. However, if the temperature is higher than 40°C and the relative humidity reaches 90%, the growth stops and the resistance to disease weakens, which can easily lead to leaf spot and rust. Second, before planting and sowing, soil preparation, planting 30-35 lbs. per hemu or 25 lbs. in cowsheds, plus 3 graters for stalks, rakes for rakes, and 2 to 2.5 meters in width. The spring sowing of sunflower in late March to mid-April, the earlier the sowing, the higher the quality of the product. Live or seedlings can be transplanted, planting density of 65 to 60 cm, 1 seedlings per hole. Third, make up seedlings sunflower seedlings with soil survival rate of up to 90%. Replanting should be early and should be small, should be 1 to 2 true leaves, seedlings, but 15 to 20 cm high, according to line spacing Dingmiao. IV. Weeding and weeding The first hand sparse seedlings weeding and weeding, the second weeding combined with Dingmiao cultivator, when the seedlings height 50 to 60 cm, the soil ridges fall down. The herbicide "trifluralin" has a good effect on narrow-grained weeds. It uses 300 grams of water and 20 kilograms of water, sprays 10 days before sowing, and cuts into the soil 10 centimeters to prevent seedlings from being harmed by phytotoxicity; The effect of weeds is good. 200 grams of water per mu is used to add 20 kg of water. Spray within 3 days after sowing to kill sprouting grass. 5. Some of the sunflower control cultivars have branching characteristics due to nutrient dispersion, affecting the development of the main stem and flower discs, making the flower discs smaller, and the yield and quality declining. Reasonable top dressing. 7 to 8 have good effect on nitrogen and potassium fertilizers in real leaves. When not sowing the basal fertilizer when sowing, fertilizer must be applied early, the first cultivating ammonium nitrate 12 to 15 kg, or 25 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, or urea 8 kg plus 15 kg of potassium chloride. Sixth, auxiliary pollination sunflower self-flowering is not strong, artificially assisted pollination or insect cross-pollination can be strong. Otherwise, the seeds and seeds of sunflower seeds account for 35 to 50%, and they are empty when severe. Artificial pollination is to use soft cotton as a puff, on the disk to help spread the pollen of different disk. Pollination at 8 to 10 o'clock in the morning (dry morning dew) and at 14 o'clock in the flowering period can increase fertility by more than 30%. Put bee pollination, that is about 28 °C in the flowering period, when there is no wind and rainfall, the release of bee pollination can increase the seed-setting rate of about 40%. In addition, fertilization should be reasonably provided during the fertility period, and potassium should be increased. Seven, disease prevention and disinfestation such as leaf spot or rust, can be used 15% Triadimefon 1500 times liquid spray treatment; 10 days after pollination, with 40% Dimethoate 1000 times, or 20% edford No. 2 1500 times liquid spray, control of aphids, aphids and so on. 8. Harvesting and Seed Replanting When the flowers in the center of the sunflower flower plate wither and the seeds turn black, they are mature and can be harvested in due course. Selected disk large, short stems, thick stems, no pests and diseases, full grain disk for seed. The spent flower discs are kept for 3 to 5 days, then threshed and dried.

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