Bitter gourd, also known as cool melon, is rich in nutrients, nourishes the yin and lowers fire, clears the liver and eyesight, nourishes the yin and removes heat, and is popular among people. The market has large sales volume and the price is good. It can be planted in the spring, summer and autumn in the western part of Guangdong. I. Variety and land cultivation can choose early maturity, high yield, thick and thick straight, good resistance oil green 1, Xianlei 1, green No. 2, Xinfeng and other fine varieties. Planted land should be selected from fertile, well-drained sandy loam soils that have not been planted with melon crops. Second, timely sowing, planting a rational planting of bitter gourd depends on the adaptability of the variety, spring bitter gourd sowing time is 1-2 months, summer bitter gourd sowing time is 4-5 months, autumn bitter gourd sowing is 7- 8 months. When the temperature in early spring is low, nursery transplanting methods should be adopted in order to prevent cold and heat insulation. When the seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves, they should choose sunny afternoon transplant. The planting specifications are: width 1.6-2 meters (bag ditch), double row plants, 30-40 cm spacing. In summer and autumn, the bitter gourd has a short vegetative growth period and is early in fruiting. The planting density should be appropriately increased. Third, field management 1, scaffolding vines: General seedling height of about 30-35 cm with a bamboo frame scaffolding vines, the main vines should be straight up along the fence, lateral vines to the bracket around the horizontal direction, cited cranial time should be It is done in the sunny afternoon. At the same time, it should be noted that if the side vines less than 50 cm from the ground are dense, the senescent foliage must be removed in time for ventilation and light transmission to increase the utilization of light energy. 2, fertilizer and water management: Shizujifei, general seedlings apply high-quality soil mixed fertilizer 1500-2000 kg, superphosphate 25-30 kg. Spring bitter gourd seedling period can be less fertilization, flowering results during the re-fertilization, generally at the beginning of flowering mu with peanut bran or soybean cake 20-25 kg, 500 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer, compound fertilizer 25-30 kg mixed stacking, combined with earth When applied. After the beginning of the melon or the first melon, 30-35 kg of compound fertilizer is applied again. After each harvest, top dressing is performed once. Diseases and Pest Control The main diseases of balsam pear are blight, anthracnose and powdery mildew. The main pests are fruit fly. Control of bacterial blight can be used 25% of the enemy demulsification oil 1500 times, 50% carbendazim WP 1000 times, or with 75% ureas WP 600 times, 70% zeocin zinc wettability Powder 500 times liquid spray stem base; anthrax can be used 70% thiophanate-methyl 800 times, 75% Dakkonin 600 times, the enemy off 1000 times, 80% of the WP 1000 times spray control; white powder The disease can be treated with 20% Triadimefon EC 2000 times and 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times. The fruit fly can be killed by 90% trichlorfon 1000 times, dichlorvos 800 times, and 58% hunting dogs 1000-1500 times.
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