How to plant vegetables in spring
After the spring vegetables are planted, they are prone to slow seedlings, which are generally caused by the harsher weather in early spring. However, vegetable farmers should not always complain about the weather, and learn to promote the slowing down of seedlings through scientific planting and management measures.
Pay attention to warmth before planting
Because the temperature in spring is still low, before planting vegetables, the vents should be sealed first, and the shed should be closed in advance to increase the temperature. The purpose of this is to use the high temperature in the shed to promote the rise of ground temperature, increase the heat storage of the soil, and facilitate the rapid slowing of seedlings of vegetables after planting. In fact, in addition to slowing down the seedlings, there are many benefits to doing so. For example, closing the shed before planting to increase the temperature is also conducive to promoting soil microscopic activities, accelerating the decomposing of organic fertilizers such as chicken manure and the decomposition of organic matter in the soil, thereby promoting vegetables The root system's absorption of nutrients in the soil. It should be noted that three days before vegetable planting, open the air vents and ventilate to prevent harmful gases accumulated in the shed from harming the vegetables, but the temperature in the shed should still be kept above 30 ℃ to prevent the ground temperature from falling and affecting Slow down the seedling speed after vegetable planting.
Try to take water and dig holes for planting
Before planting vegetables, pour a water first, and still need to warm the ground after watering. When the soil moisture is suitable, you can dig holes in the planting row to plant vegetables. After planting, use a kettle to water the trees without watering them. The advantage of this is that the planting of vegetables will slow down quickly after planting, avoiding the situation that the ground temperature is low and the trees will not return to the trees after the vegetables are planted.
Pay attention to heat preservation and moisturizing after planting seedlings
Within 7 days of vegetable planting, heat preservation and moisturizing should be the mainstay, ventilation should be reduced as much as possible, and the vegetable should be slowed down as soon as possible. Generally, the slow-seedling period of solanaceous vegetables should be controlled at 28℃～32℃ during the day and 15℃～18℃ at night; melon vegetables should be controlled at 28℃～35℃ during the day and 16℃～18℃ at night. During this period, a certain humidity is required in the shed, and the humidity should generally be kept at about 80%. After 7 days, the vegetables can basically pass the slow seedling stage, at this time, you can gradually expand the air outlet and reduce the temperature of the shed by 2 ℃ to 3 ℃.
Four points of management after planting
Vegetables are planted after the Spring Festival. Because the weather is still very cold during this period of time, the temperature in the shed is low and the humidity is high. Vegetable seedlings that have just been planted often grow poorly and have many diseases in this environment. Therefore, during this period, the newly planted vegetable seedlings must be strengthened to ensure their healthy growth.
1. Strengthen heat preservation and prevent "cold damage"
After the Spring Festival, the temperature in the shed is still very low, and the vegetable seedlings that have just been planted have poor cold resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen heat preservation measures to prevent cold damage. In addition to the usual thermal insulation measures such as covering the quilt at night and covering with floating film, and uncovering the quilt in the morning and at night to increase light during the day, a windshield film must be installed at the air outlet to prevent cold wind from catching the seedlings.
2. Scientific use of fertilizers to prevent "seed burning"
Organic fertilizers such as chicken manure must be decomposed before vegetable planting to prevent the raw chicken manure from burning seedlings. If the shed is found to smell of ammonia, it should be ventilated immediately. At the same time, when topdressing the seedling fertilizer, avoid using fertilizers with too high nitrogen content, so as to prevent the ammonia volatilized from such fertilizers from damaging the vegetables when the ventilation in the shed is restricted.
In addition, pay attention to the combined use of biological bacterial fertilizers, because biological bacterial fertilizers can improve soil structure, improve soil fertility, and inhibit soil-borne diseases, and the effect of rooting and rooting is ******. The high-quality biological bacterial fertilizer can be applied 25-30 kg per mu each time, which can obviously promote the growth and development of vegetable roots, improve plant growth, and enhance its cold resistance and stress resistance.
3. Reasonable watering to prevent "root damage"
Watering should generally be carried out before 10 o'clock in the morning on a sunny day, in order to have sufficient time for temperature raising and dehumidification. When watering, pay attention to not too much at a time, take the water to the head of the border as the degree, and avoid flooding with flooding. The shed temperature should be increased by 2℃～3℃ within two days after watering to promote the rise of ground temperature. Where conditions permit, use micro-irrigation to avoid overwhelming roots under low temperature.
4. Strictly control diseases and prevent "dead trees"
Planting vegetables in this period, due to low ground temperature and weak root activity, their disease resistance is correspondingly poor, and dead trees are more likely to occur than in other periods. The prevention and control should be based on prevention. In addition to the above measures to improve the soil environment in the shed, 800 times the solution of dead kening can be used to irrigate the roots in advance, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of dead trees.
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