American pheasants are commonly known as pheasants and pheasants and are one of the most important hunting birds in the world. With the improvement of the people's living standards, pheasant husbandry has already had a place in the poultry industry and it is still in the ascendant. The breeding industry has high economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits, and is of great significance to people's growing material life needs and maintaining a good ecological environment.
Breeding and rearing of pheasants Brooding preparation before brooding (1) Brooding facilities Several equipment: The brooding house must be cleaned before entering the chicken 2 Wash the walls, ceiling, ground, 3 Spray with 2% caustic soda 4 Formaldehyde: High manganese Potassium fumigation, other equipment and utensils have to be disinfected.
(2) Develop a brooding plan: Make a brooding plan according to the specific conditions of the field, and determine the batch and batch size.
(3) Warm-up: 24 hours before the breeding, the preheating is performed until the temperature is required, and the temperature of the brooding house is checked.
Feeding and Management of Chicks (1) Start eating: After hatching, eat food 24 to 36 hours before drinking. Drink water and drink about 5% of glucose or sugar. The starting food should be soft, palatable, nutritious and digestible. It is best to feed the moist mix for 3-5 days.
(2) The way to eat: Spread the tidal mix on the newspaper or ear plate trough, and then you can induce food.
(3) 2 to 3 weeks of age should be cut off to prevent warts.
(4) Suitable temperature: We recommend: 1-3 days 34-35°C, 4-7 days 33-32°C, 2 weeks old 30-28°C, 3 weeks old 27-24°C, 4 weeks old 23-22°C, Keep room temperature after 5 weeks of age.
(5) Humidity: 1 to 10 days of relative humidity 65-70%, 55-60% after 10 days of age.
(6) Density: Net bed brooding 60/m2, can be raised in the cage until the age of 15-20 days, then transferred into the three-dimensional cage, and 30-40/m2 can be raised to 6 weeks old in the three-dimensional cage. Sinks, troughs, two water towers can be placed on a bed, 2-3 troughs (one meter or so troughs) A trough is installed around the three-dimensional cage, a sink, so that the pheasant has a sufficient feeding area.
(7) Illumination: The chicks do not require strict lighting requirements. They should be bred for 1-3 days, light for 24 hours, and light for 4-7 days for 22-20 hours. After that, the chicks will be switched to natural light as soon as possible, and 15-20 days later. The three-dimensional cage requires 24 hours of lighting on the first night of the cage so that the chicken can adapt to the new environment as quickly as possible. The light intensity is preferably 3 watts per square meter. After the chicken has adapted to the environment, natural lighting can be used. Chicken, light intensity is not important, as long as you can see the feed can be.
(8) Ventilation: The chickens have weak disease resistance. If the air in the house does not circulate, the concentration of ammonia gas is too large, which may affect the growth and development of the chickens, which can induce diseases. For example, the occurrence of eye diseases is not well ventilated, and there is a lot of air pollution inside the house. relationship.
(9) Immunization: The pheasant is not sensitive to Newcastle disease, but it can also infect. It is still necessary to do a good job of immunization and strengthen the prevention and control of the disease. Clean feces once a day. Wash tools and disinfect the water and troughs. The chicks are sterilized twice a week with chickens.
The incubation period of management during the breeding period refers to the stage of transferring from the three-dimensional cage to the ground in the house. If the feeding management is not strengthened during this period, the mortality rate is relatively high.
Brooding feeding:
(1) Preparation before transferring to the ground: First, according to the requirements of the brooding house, sterilize, prepare the water trough and other utensils, and lay the sedge or sand. The last fumigation.
(2) Density: 4-5 weeks/week in 6-10 weeks and 2-2.5/square meters in 11-21 weeks old.
(3) Illumination: The first night light from the stereoscopic cage to the ground is 24 hours to let the chicken become familiar with the environment. Natural light can be used when familiar.
(4) Consumption of materials: Consumption of 0-21 weeks needs about consumption of 7.5-8 KG of compound feed.
(5) Number of feedings: If eating wet mix, 5-10 weeks old 4 times / day, 11-21 weeks old 2-3 times / day, such as feeding dry powder 2 times / day, once in the afternoon.
Management during the breeding period (1) The size, strength, and management of the male and female chickens should be grouped together so that they are roughly uniform and can be used to their full potential.
(2) Do a good job of seed selection and seed retention: Generally, the first seed selection will be conducted in October-November and kept separately.
(3) Do a good job of sanitation and disinfection: Clean the house, feed trough and water tank every day, wash and disinfect regularly, and keep the environment clean and sanitary.
(4) Frequent observations of the flock, mental status, feeding, drinking, and presence of fecal abnormalities.
(5) Retain breeder chickens to limit feeding quality and prevent over-fertilization.
Worrying brooding issues:
1. It is forbidden to feed molds, degenerate feeds, and use of moldy weeds. In particular, pheasants are extremely sensitive to Aspergillus disease during brooding and early brooding. The morbidity and mortality rates are very high. We must do a good job of epidemic prevention.
2, to minimize the impact of stress factors, in the 1-2 days after the transfer group should be assigned to the night shift to prevent crushed chicken phenomenon.
3, try to avoid or reduce the occurrence of man-made accidents, such as: gas poisoning, drug poisoning, cats and dogs into the house killed, bite the chicken, etc., in order to improve the survival rate of the whole period.
4, at the age of 5-10 weeks for the second break.
5, disease prevention
6. Epidemic prevention measures After observing more than 10 pheasants, we felt that it was difficult for the young and frail bred to be raised. The adult pheasant had stronger resistance to the disease, and the morbidity was low under good feeding and management conditions. In order to control the disease, To increase the survival rate, we believe that the following points should be made in the prevention of epidemics:
1. Pay special attention to the epidemic prevention and quarantine work during the brooding and breeding period, and do a good job of disinfection work, including inside and outside, water troughs and other appliances.
2. After entering the chicks, pay attention to sterilize the chickens once or twice a week, disinfect the drugs with peracetic acid, calcium hypochlorite and so on.
3. Do a good job of mosquito control and fly control.
4. Chicken droppings are sent to designated fecal sites. Dead chickens are treated differently after veterinary necropsy.
5. Immune injection of Newcastle disease should be done, the first should be in the 1C-12 days with the II line seedlings nose eye drops, the second exemption in the 30-35 days I Department of drinking water, pay attention to the use of protective agents, breeders can be used in the spring and autumn The Newcastle disease oil agent inactivated vaccine 0.5 ml / subcutaneous injection or lyophilized Newcastle disease I line vaccine 1 ml / only intramuscular injection.
6. Aspergillosis: pheasants, especially the young pheasant, are most susceptible to 1-15 days of age, and the incidence rate is high, which can cause a large number of deaths. The general mortality of chickens accounts for 10-30% of the chickens, 30-70 days of age. Also often disease, but less death, adult chicken is not easy, because the pheasant in April-July egg production brooding, but also the normal summer rainy season, due to feed barnyardgrass was Aspergillus pollution or due to excessive density crowded, poor ventilation, The house is wet and causes Aspergillus fumigatus to cause illness. Control methods: ban on feeding moldy feed, banned moldy grass, pay attention to ventilation, in the summer rainy weather, it is best to use a flame torch disinfection. Treatment: 500,000 units of nystatin or clotrimazole 100 chickens, mixed into feed continuum 5 times, can also use 0.1% copper sulfate solution to drink water.
7. Staphylococcosis is also a common disease of pheasants: Staphylococcus infection is mainly caused by excessive density and poor ventilation. It mainly affects chicks and broilers. The clinical manifestations are mainly eye types: initial symptoms, tearing, swelling of the eye liner, mucus Sexual secretions, swollen eyelids, later head swelling, lack of energy, loss of appetite, after the conditions improved, the diseased chickens returned to normal soon, generally causing systemic infection and death, chickens suffering from Aspergillus occlusion, but also Causes an outbreak of staphylococcal disease; hens are also good at flying and scratching their heads due to barbed wire, and can also cause staph infections due to traumatic infections. Control methods: The density of chickens should be appropriate, pay attention to the ventilation in the house, often check the net hooks, clean the house wire foreign body, do a good job of environmental sanitation and disinfection, timely deterrence, can prevent their infection, once infected, Can use chloramphenicol, cannabis, gentamicin, sulfonamides and other drugs, if necessary, should do drug susceptibility test, according to drug sensitivity test results medication. Phone - 89215133 Mobile Contact: Manager Zhang
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