First, choose good breeds. At present, large-grained edible varieties suitable for high-yield cultivation mainly include "three-way eyebrows" and "big-grain incense." Under the same conditions, large grain varieties can produce more than 10% more than small grain varieties. Sowing before sowing can increase the germination potential and uniformity of emergence.
Second, the appropriate sowing. The suitable sowing date for summer sowing sunflower in Tianjin is July 1-7. Seed sowing is too early, plant fine and high flower disk is small, poor pollination in high temperature and rainy season, more empty grains; sowing late late low temperature, slow growth, can not fully grain mature, but also affect the yield increase. Rotary tillage or shallow ploughing before sowing, adequate base fertilizer application, proper seedling sowing, consistent depth of soil cover. The harm to the underground pests can be sowed and prevented by the bait.
Third, rational dense planting. Under moderate conditions of soil fertility, summer sowing large-grained sunflower varieties is suitable for 1600 seedlings per acre with a row spacing of 80 cm, a spacing of 50 cm and a seedling of 1.5 kg per acre.
Fourth, scientific fertilization. Organic manure and bottom chemical fertilizer are applied along the ditch, so that the seed and fertilizer are isolated to prevent the normal emergence. In middle and lower fertility plots, when 70% of the sunflower plants in the field grow 24-26 visible leaves and young buds appear at the top, they should chase the bud fertilizer once and apply 10-12.5 kg of ammonium phosphate and urea per acre. After the two fertilizers were mixed, they were applied at the side of the plant and covered with soil after the application.
Fifth, field management. After the seedlings in the field, when the seedlings grew 1-2 pairs of true leaves, the first cultivating and weeding were performed in combination with the seedlings and the fixed seedlings. The second cultivator is carried out 7-8 days after the seedlings are set. The third cultivator was combined with paddy soil before mulching, and ridges were formed at the base of stems to facilitate wind resistance and flood control during the rainy season.
Sunflower from the bud to the end of flowering needs the most water, flowering drought affect the fertilization, according to the degree of drought in time to water, to ensure the water demand. Sunflowers fight "early" or "small". Sunflowers are cross-pollination crops and artificial pollination should be used. The “powderers†were made of cardboard, cotton, and flannel. After the dew had dried in the morning, the flowers were patted with powder puffs one by one to assist in pollination, starting 2-3 days after flowering and once every three days. It can reduce the empty rate by 20% and increase production by 48.2%.
Six, prevention and control of pests and diseases. Insect pests such as cotton bollworm, cabbage caterpillar, tobacco bud and sunflower borer should be eaten as soon as possible. In the peak period of spawning, 50-70 grams of bt WP can be used per acre, sprayed with water and sprayed, sprayed every 4 days, sprayed 3-4 times in succession; 4.5% efficient anti-cypermethrin cream 50 ml water 50 liters spray, contact, stomach poison, antifeedant and ovicidal multiple effects.
Sunflower black spot, also known as Sclerotinia, is sprayed with 50% carbendazim WP 500-800 times or 70% tricyclazole WP 500 times, sprayed every 7-10 days, and sprayed. 2 times.
Seven, timely harvest. In the middle and late October, the back of the disk and the temporal lobe turn yellow, the lower leaves dry, and the moisture content of the grain falls. The harvest can be timely, and the force should be light when harvested to prevent vibration from falling.
Second, the appropriate sowing. The suitable sowing date for summer sowing sunflower in Tianjin is July 1-7. Seed sowing is too early, plant fine and high flower disk is small, poor pollination in high temperature and rainy season, more empty grains; sowing late late low temperature, slow growth, can not fully grain mature, but also affect the yield increase. Rotary tillage or shallow ploughing before sowing, adequate base fertilizer application, proper seedling sowing, consistent depth of soil cover. The harm to the underground pests can be sowed and prevented by the bait.
Third, rational dense planting. Under moderate conditions of soil fertility, summer sowing large-grained sunflower varieties is suitable for 1600 seedlings per acre with a row spacing of 80 cm, a spacing of 50 cm and a seedling of 1.5 kg per acre.
Fourth, scientific fertilization. Organic manure and bottom chemical fertilizer are applied along the ditch, so that the seed and fertilizer are isolated to prevent the normal emergence. In middle and lower fertility plots, when 70% of the sunflower plants in the field grow 24-26 visible leaves and young buds appear at the top, they should chase the bud fertilizer once and apply 10-12.5 kg of ammonium phosphate and urea per acre. After the two fertilizers were mixed, they were applied at the side of the plant and covered with soil after the application.
Fifth, field management. After the seedlings in the field, when the seedlings grew 1-2 pairs of true leaves, the first cultivating and weeding were performed in combination with the seedlings and the fixed seedlings. The second cultivator is carried out 7-8 days after the seedlings are set. The third cultivator was combined with paddy soil before mulching, and ridges were formed at the base of stems to facilitate wind resistance and flood control during the rainy season.
Sunflower from the bud to the end of flowering needs the most water, flowering drought affect the fertilization, according to the degree of drought in time to water, to ensure the water demand. Sunflowers fight "early" or "small". Sunflowers are cross-pollination crops and artificial pollination should be used. The “powderers†were made of cardboard, cotton, and flannel. After the dew had dried in the morning, the flowers were patted with powder puffs one by one to assist in pollination, starting 2-3 days after flowering and once every three days. It can reduce the empty rate by 20% and increase production by 48.2%.
Six, prevention and control of pests and diseases. Insect pests such as cotton bollworm, cabbage caterpillar, tobacco bud and sunflower borer should be eaten as soon as possible. In the peak period of spawning, 50-70 grams of bt WP can be used per acre, sprayed with water and sprayed, sprayed every 4 days, sprayed 3-4 times in succession; 4.5% efficient anti-cypermethrin cream 50 ml water 50 liters spray, contact, stomach poison, antifeedant and ovicidal multiple effects.
Sunflower black spot, also known as Sclerotinia, is sprayed with 50% carbendazim WP 500-800 times or 70% tricyclazole WP 500 times, sprayed every 7-10 days, and sprayed. 2 times.
Seven, timely harvest. In the middle and late October, the back of the disk and the temporal lobe turn yellow, the lower leaves dry, and the moisture content of the grain falls. The harvest can be timely, and the force should be light when harvested to prevent vibration from falling.
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