High-yield and High-efficiency Cultivation Techniques of Autumn Delayed Tomatoes

Autumn delayed tomato refers to this tomato planted in summer, planted in early September, and cultivated in a protected area with impotence, greenhouse or greenhouse in early October. Tomato delayed cultivation in autumn is generally harvested from mid-November to early December. After a period of storage, it can be supplied to the market on New Year's Day or the Spring Festival, which can achieve higher economic benefits. The cultivation of tomatoes was delayed in autumn, the temperature was high in the early stage and the latter was low, and the plants were weak and susceptible to virus disease. To cultivate good autumn-delayed tomatoes, we must do the following:

First, choose the right variety

Should choose the adaptable, disease-resistant, high-yielding short seedling varieties, such as Lufen 2, Zaofeng, Xifan 3, Jinfan 65 and so on.

Cultivate high-quality seedlings

Appropriate sowing date is very important for the delayed cultivation of tomato in autumn. The suitable sowing date is from the end of July to the beginning of August. 3-4 days before sowing, soak the seeds with 10% trisodium phosphate for 20 minutes, wash the disinfectant with water, soak the seeds with warm water at 30 ° C for 3 hours, germinate at room temperature, and germinate in the prepared seedlings.畦 The bamboo poles around it form a pergola. Generally, it is covered with a straw curtain to cool and cool on sunny days from 10 am to 3 pm. Time to emerge after emergence, and pay attention to control aphids. Tomato seedlings appear when there are 2-3 true leaves, and the seedling distance is 12-13 cm. During the slow seedling period, set up a shade around noon. Watering and cutting 4-5 days before planting, planting with soil moth.

Third, colonization

The planting period is from late August to early September. A few days before planting, apply enough manure to make a 1.5-meter-wide hoe. Each hoe is planted in 4 rows with a plant spacing of 30 cm. After planting, water it.

4. Cultivation, top dressing, irrigation

After the tomato planting is delayed in late autumn, the tillering and tilling should be done in time. When the seedlings are 7-8 leaves, water is poured once, and then the seedlings are planted. * After the ears are seated, they start to apply fertilizer, and 20 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizers are applied per acre, and then large water is poured to promote fruit swelling. After sitting one ear of fruit and chasing fertilizer once with watering, 15-20 kg of urea or 30-40 kg of ammonium sulfate or 15-20 kg of diammonium phosphate are used per acre each time.

Fifth, set up, dip flowers and preserve fruits

Most of the late-fall tomatoes use the single-stalk pruning method. Except for the main stalk, all side branches that occur in the leaf axils are removed early, leaving 4-5 fruits per ear, and all excess flowers and fruits are removed. Hang vines with plastic rope in the shed. After mid-September, the night temperature is low, which is not conducive to tomato pollination and fertilization. During flowering and fruit setting, when 2 to 4 flowers bloom per ear, 15-20 ppm of 2,4-D can be used for coating, or 30-40 ppm of tomato spirit can be used to dip flowers, which is helpful to improve the fruit setting rate.

Six, topping, sparse flowers, sparse fruits

When the remaining fruiting branches reach a certain number of ears and leaves, the top growth points are removed. Topping should leave 2-3 leaves on the inflorescence, which is not only conducive to fruit growth, but also prevents the fruit from being directly exposed to the sun and causing sunburn. Autumn tomatoes can be used to sparse flowers and fruits, which can ensure that the plant has a certain number of fruits, reduce the nutritional deficiency caused by too many fruits, accelerate fruit enlargement, increase the weight of single fruit, improve the uniformity of the fruit, improve the quality, and improve the commerciality. The number of fruit set per tomato plant is generally 3-4 fruits per ear, 4-5 fruits for medium-fruit varieties, and 5 or more for small-fruit varieties. In tomato cultivation, excess flower buds and malformed flowers should be thinned out during flowering. After fruit setting, the fruit with irregular shape, irregular shape, and the same ear developing too late should be thinned out.

Covering cold

The temperature in autumn is gradually lower, and it should be covered in time to maintain a suitable temperature. From late September to early October, the wall of the tomato paste was constructed on the north, east, and west sides to make impotence frames. From the end of September to early October, the tomato tincture was covered with plastic film at night and opened during the day. After the frost fell, it was covered with plastic film during the day and covered with grasshoppers at night. Tomatoes that are cultivated in plastic greenhouses or greenhouses for late autumn cultivation can be planted directly in the sheds and buckled in mid-to-late October.

8. Harvesting

After the tomato turns red, it should be harvested in time to facilitate the normal growth and development of other fruits on the plant. Fruits that have turned color and turned red can be stored at 2-5 ° C and stored for 15-20 days after harvest. In early December, when the weather is cold, all the fruits should be harvested and graded and then packed and stored. The storage temperature should not be lower than 8 ° C.

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