1 natural environment, save energy and high yield
The natural environment refers to altitude, natural precipitation, annual average temperature, sunshine hours, frost-free period, maximum and minimum temperatures. When the fruit growers plant fruit trees, they take into account the local natural environment factors. For example, the early-maturing apples of the United States No. 8 and the Jura planted at an altitude of 300 to 400 meters are planted at an altitude of 500 to 600 meters. The ripening is 7 to 10 days. Red Fuji Apples are planted at an altitude of 300 to 400 meters. The fruit is colored, sugary, and tastes are not planted at an altitude of 500 to 800 meters. It is not allowed to plant plants that do not conform to the local natural environment.
2 Because the anvil is suitable for planting fruit trees, the fruit farmers should not be vague
Fruit tree rootstocks are extremely dwarf, dwarf, and Qiaohua. If you only know that the selected varieties do not consider the rootstock, planting the extremely dwarf rootstock apple seedlings in the dry land, but it violates the meaning of extremely dwarf, which is not conducive to fruit. Strong growth and development.
3 planting trees with depth and attention, blindly planting hard and self-seeking
The planting depth of fruit trees should be based on the depth of the nursery, and it should not be planted too deeply, while some fruit farmers say that the planting is too deep, saying that the tree planted deeper than the lumbar tree does not need to be poured, although the seedlings are survived after planting, but the seedlings Due to the ground temperature, water and fertilizer, and limited ventilation, it is not easy to grow.
4 Jianyuan only chooses a good variety, pollination tree lacks fruit
When selecting a fruit tree variety, only a single excellent variety is selected and the pollination tree is neglected. Although this can make the fruit tree full of flowers, there are not many fruits, so it is necessary to choose a pollination tree when selecting fruit tree varieties.
5 planting seedlings are only afraid of thin, the tree is so closed that there is no cause
Many fruit farmers are afraid of wasting land when they plant fruit trees and seedlings. Although the fruit trees are not dense after 1 to 3 years of planting, the fruit can be harvested at the beginning of 4~5, but year after year, the larger the fruit trees, the more the canopy is closed. It leads to less disease and less disease, so it should be planned when planting seedlings.
6 dynamic pruning mind, young and old trees are not ordinary
Many fruit growers and pruning are heavy in young trees. "Saplings of young trees" are always short, do not pull branches, promote the emergence of strips, and the trees are closed, and the results are postponed; the total length does not cut or pull the branches; The tree has premature aging; in the middle-aged fruit period, there are many small branches, and it is reluctant to move the big branches to adjust the tree shape, resulting in many branches, fewer branches, and the result parts are moved outwards, and the tree is prematurely weak. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the size of the branches in a timely manner to balance the tree potential. The old trees should be less retracted and trimmed, and the retracted and pruned and rejuvenated slowly, which is beneficial to reducing the fruiting and prolonging the result.
7 random pull branches and more strips, the tree shape is less chaotic
Many fruit growers pull branches and buds before flowering. As a result, the buds on the backs of the branches are very easy to germinate, and the tree shape is formed, which affects the formation of flower buds, which is more wasteful, wastes nutrients, disturbs the tree shape, and all the branches are drawn into the drooping branches. Do not get rid of the sprout on the shoulders of the drooping branches, causing the canopy to close, the main branches do not head, the whole branch is never clear. The correct method is: when the branch is pulled, the bud on the shoulder is removed, and only the orchard, the tree-shaped orchard is mainly used; when the branch is pulled, the main shoot is full of buds, and the growth of the main branch is promoted; The plant and planting density are different, and the branching angle of the branches is different, and the branches are pulled in the middle and late May.
8 dwarf tree branches are not sparse, not old and premature
Many fruit farmers do not eliminate 3 to 5 rotating branches in the lower part of the dwarf trunk, which causes the rotating branches to take away the trunk nutrients and form a "small old tree". The correct way is to remove the trunk of the lower trunk and fill the branches. The bud is short, and in the second or third year, the main branch is selected according to the height of the tree and the opening angle of the branches.
9 planting density is not general, plastic surgery should be dry
Apples, peaches, and pears should not be chased by the wind. They should not be taken as a tree. They should be shaped according to the tree. Because of the dense shape, the branches are trimmed, the tree is balanced, and the light is fully utilized to achieve a three-dimensional result. At present, there are three branches in the tree shape: happy shape, small crown happy shape, spindle shape, free spindle shape, slender spindle shape, high light effect trunk shape, evacuation layered shape, etc., depending on planting density, water and fertilizer conditions, variety characteristics, management The shape is trimmed horizontally and in size.
10 scale cultivation prospects are broad, do not have to manage each
If there is no scale, there will be no benefit. If there is no scale and it is difficult to brand, it will be beneficial to set up a large-scale planting in order to create a profit and create a large mechanized operation.
11 intensive management of high efficiency, wide variety of low income and low efficiency
According to a survey of 1.88 mu of orchard, 164 plants were planted, with an income of 20,000 yuan for 15 consecutive years, and 20 acres for an orchard. The income of the new year was more than 6,000 yuan, and the income of small years was about 1,000 yuan. In contrast, the majority of fruit farmers We should do a lot of high-yield intensive management, and do not engage in a wide-ranging and thin road.
12 saplings are not in a hurry, they lose more because of small
Many fruit growers do not carry out fruit thinning at the beginning of saplings, only for early fruiting and early harvest, which causes the result tree to shift from vegetative growth to vegetative growth and reproductive growth, affecting vegetative growth, due to the small root system, trees Body growth has been greatly affected.
13 When the fruit is thinned, it is not worrying.
Many fruit farmers are afraid of sparse fruit when they are fruitful, and the amount of fruit left is overloaded. Generally, 6,000 to 7,000 fruits are left in an acre orchard, and high-quality fruit accounts for 80% to 90%. Not only is it high-efficiency in the past, but it also has fruitful annual benefits in the next year. It is important to know that due to the heavy load of the fruit, it will result in no fruit in the second year, artificially causing large and small years, and the income will be reduced accordingly.
14 blind watering waste, young fruit naturally more fruit
Many fruit growers promote fruit growth and early maturity in the morning market. Watering and topdressing and continuous watering are carried out in the vigorous growth period after flowering, which makes the fruit easy to drop fruit. Therefore, when the fruit farmers are watering, the number of leaves should be watered and topdressed. Avoid a large amount of young fruit falling off.
More than 15 sprayed surface fertilizers, who can blame
Some fruit farmers spray the foliar fertilizer several times in order to promote the expansion of the fruit, thereby destroying the inherent function of the leaf, so that the edge of the blade is dry, and the whole blade is dry and dry, which affects the manufacture and supply of nutrients, resulting in a decrease in fruit quality.
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