Many melon farmers believe that they have been planting melon for many years, and they are familiar with the management of melon planting. In fact, the details determine the difference between success and failure, and determine the pros and cons. Economic benefits of melon farmers.
First, melon selection
The prerequisite for the production of high-quality and high-yield melon is the selection of high-quality varieties. At present, the main planting varieties on the market are Xiboluo 2, Mi Tianxia, ​​Huang Zi Jin Yu, Bai Meteor and so on.
Second, choose a bed
Greenhouse + middle shed + small arch shed is used to build seedbeds and prepare nutrient soil. The nutrient soil is a mixture of fertile field soil and decomposed manure, which requires loose air, no bacteria, strong water and fertilizer retention, and rich in organic matter. After configuration, the nutrient soil was filled into a nutrition bowl with a diameter of 8-10 cm. When filling nutrient soil, just fill 70% and make sure it is loose. 700 to 800 nutrition bowls are prepared on a plot of 667 square meters.
Third, breeding
Breeding includes four stages: sun-seeding, soaking, germination, and sowing. Choose to soak seeds on a sunny day, and expose the seeds to the sun for 1 to 2 hours, which can kill the bacteria attached to the seeds, enhance the vitality of the seeds, and greatly increase the germination rate. Rinse the sun-dried seeds with clean water, wash the mucus attached to the seed surface, and wrap them with wet gauze with good air permeability. Place in a 28-30 ° C incubator to promote germination. After 24 hours, the seeds will start to bleed. When 80% of the seeds are bleached, they can be sown. Sowing should be done at noon in sunny weather. The nutrient soil should be watered and moistened one day in advance. Sow one seed per bowl, and then cover the cover with 0.5 ~ 1.0cm mud with the medicine. After sowing, cover the plant with a film and cover Arch shed, covered with straw curtain or non-woven fabric at night to prevent frost.
Fourth, seedling management
1. Temperature management In order to ensure early emergence, the temperature in the seedbed is generally required to reach 30 ° C from sowing to emergence. Prior to emergence, insist on closing the shed to increase the temperature, and strive to achieve a temperature in the seed bed of 28 to 32 ° C during the day and 22 to 25 ° C at night to promote the growth of the seedlings. The growth of true leaves from 7 to 10 days before planting requires relatively high temperatures to promote seedling growth. During this period, the room temperature in the seedbed is required to be 25 to 28 ° C during the day and 15 to 18 ° C at night.
2. Light management The key to cultivating strong seedlings is to maintain good light in the melon seedlings, which are usually opened early and covered late to increase the light in the seedbeds.
3. Ventilation management Ventilation of seedbed can be combined with temperature management of seedbed. When the temperature in the seedbed reaches the required temperature, the film should be opened to reduce the bed temperature, that is, to achieve ventilation.
4. Water management strictly controls watering after emergence until the first true leaves appear. Before the third true leaves appear after the first true leaves appear, with the increase of ventilation and the development of true leaves of the seedlings, depending on the seedbed The dryness and humidity of the soil are watered appropriately.
Five, colonization
30 days before planting, smash the soil evenly. The width of the plant is generally 2.8 ~ 3.0 meters. 10 ~ 15 days before planting, a 6 ~ 8 meter wide shed film is set up. About 7 days before planting, mulch is laid to increase the ground temperature. When the seedlings grow to three leaves, the planting period is suitable. During planting, the temperature can be controlled by multiple layers to ensure that the temperature at 10cm below the ground is above 15 ° C. When planting, it is necessary to pay attention to whether the nutrient soil is tightly combined with the soil. The bowl surface is 1 cm higher than the creeping surface, and the cultivation density is preferably 600-700 plants / 667m2.
Six, melon field management
The temperature before slow seedlings should be controlled at 30 ~ 35 ℃ during the day, more than 8 hours of light per day, and above 15 ℃ at night and generally not ventilated. After slow seedlings, proper ventilation should be added before fruit setting to increase light. The full bloom period is controlled at 28 ~ 30 ℃ during the day and about 20 ℃ at night. Prevent the premature aging caused by excessive temperature after fruit setting, and extend ventilation time at noon. The temperature in the shed should not exceed 30 ~ 38 ℃ during the day and 18 ~ 20 ℃ at night.
7. Harvest ripe melon
The first batch of fruit ripening period in spring is controlled in 35 ~ 45 days, and the second batch ripening period is controlled in about 35 days. The color of ripe melon peel is translucent and smooth. It is best to pick melons in the morning or evening, and use scissors to cut the fruit stalk along with a section of vines to facilitate storage and transportation.
Packaging, storage and transportation
In the process of packaging, unloading and transportation of melon, we must pay attention to handling lightly to avoid injury. If temporary storage is needed, it can be stored neatly in a cool, ventilated and clean place after picking to avoid crush damage. During storage and transportation, it is strictly forbidden to store and transport with poisonous, odorous, harmful and spreading pests and diseases to ensure the quality and safety of melon products.
The scientific melon cultivation method pays attention to details, such as temperature adjustment, the requirements of distance and depth of planting, proper ventilation management and so on. Although the cultivation of melon is troublesome to manage, using scientific cultivation methods can promote high yields and increase income. It is worth the trouble.
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