Onions are very nutritious vegetables , but cutting onions is a chore. It is not to test the knife, but to say that the irritating taste of the onion will make people cry. If you search for "cut onions" online, you can find some tips, such as wearing windproof glasses, freezing onions, soaking in water, cutting under the range hood, and so on.
So, why exactly cut onions will be spicy eyes?
The spicy taste and tearing effect of onions is actually a self-protection mechanism formed during the long evolution, in order to prevent harmful organisms from invading it. There are many liquids in the onion cells called cytoplasm, some of which are called sulphide cysteine ​​sulfenic acid (PRENCSO). There is also a bubble-like thing (bubble) in the onion cell fluid, which contains alliinase. These two things are usually irrelevant, but when the onion is cut, the cells rupture and the two meet each other, so they decompose to produce "acrylic sulfenic acid" (another sulphide), and then quickly in tears. Under the action of factor synthetase, a tear-acting factor, thiopropyl oxide (also a sulfide), is produced. When the volatile tearing factor enters the eye, the brain gets a signal that the eye is attacked by chemical weapons, so it urges the lacrimal gland to secrete tears and tries to wash the eyes clean.
The tips mentioned above are either to prevent the release of tearing factors or to prevent it from coming into contact with the eyes.
In order to solve the problem of "spicy eyes", agricultural scientists have also tried their best. For example, Japanese scientists have made genetic mutations in onions through nuclear radiation, and then continuously screened them from the offspring, and finally found the varieties in which the alliinase gene was inhibited. Such onions are basically not spicy eyes. Another German company has cultivated a new variety called Sunio. They selected the least spicy eye onions for continuous screening and cultivation, and it took 30 years before and after breeding. It doesn't look like any other onion, it's just as spicy as other onions when it's harvested. The irritating taste of most onions during storage is enhanced, but Sunio undergoes wonderful changes during storage, its taste becomes sweeter and softer, and the irritation to the eyes is diminished.
In addition to spicy eyes, onions are also spicy tongue, stomach burning, there is a saying that onions "the more spicy the better", but in fact this statement does not have a reliable scientific basis. Whether the spicy or spicy eyes of onions are related to the sulfur-containing organic matter, these substances may have certain antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects, but there is no conclusive evidence in human studies.
However, after eating the onion, the fart is really stinky (to produce hydrogen sulfide), so you don't have to be superstitious about onion (the same onion and ginger), just use it as a nutritious vegetable.
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