The rapid detection of drug resistance has always been a difficult problem for Chinese and foreign scientists. On October 19th, the Science Report published a paper from the Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Process of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which aroused the attention of the academic community. The paper proposes a rapid drug-resistance detection technique based on the “Raman groupâ€, which proves that high-throughput single-cell Raman imaging can distinguish the drug stress of bacteria without reliance on culture, rapid, qualitative and quantitative analysis. Exciting mechanism.
Researcher Xu Jian, director of the Single Cell Center of the Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Process, Chinese Academy of Sciences, told the reporter: "Our team has keenly captured the enormous potential and opportunities for the development of drug resistance detection technology in the process of developing new technologies and equipment for microbiology."
Drug resistance quick check problem
At the beginning of the 20th century, one in three people in the world died of pneumonia, tuberculosis, enteritis and diarrhea. According to relevant literature, today's heart disease and cancer have become the main killers of human beings, and the number of people killed by pneumonia and flu is less than 4.5%. This is an important achievement in the field of public health for human application of antibiotics.
Nowadays, human beings have come to the other extreme. The abuse of antibiotics has led to the emergence and widespread spread of drug-resistant bacteria. Anti-drug resistance requires not only the development of new antibiotics, but also the development of drug resistance rapid detection techniques and monitoring systems to improve the targeting and effectiveness of existing antibiotic use, thereby delaying and curbing the spread of drug resistance.
Therefore, on August 26 this year, the National Health and Family Planning Commission and other 14 departments jointly issued the "National Action Plan for Combating Bacterial Resistance (2016-2020)" clearly stated: "Strengthen the application of antibacterial drugs and drug resistance control system" and "improve antibacterial" Drug application and bacterial resistance monitoring system."
According to Xu Jian, since the discovery of bacteria, the culture method is still the mainstream general standard for the susceptibility test of pathogenic bacteria, but for clinical common pathogens, the culture method takes up to 24-48 hours (for bacteria that are difficult to grow or grow slowly) There is no way to do it, and at the same time it cannot reveal the mechanism of resistance.
"PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and genome sequencing technology can indirectly speculate the possibility of drug resistance by identifying drug resistance genes." Xu Jian further pointed out that "but the technology relies on the known resistance gene reference sequence, so Unknown resistance cannot be analyzed and is often not quantifiable, so it can only be used as an aid in general."
In order to guide "precise medication" in clinical practice, direct and rapid measurement techniques for bacterial resistance and drug resistance mechanisms are urgently needed. The contradiction between clinical needs and technical status is so urgent and so prominent that on September 8, 2016, the National Institutes of Health offered a reward of 20 million US dollars to specifically stimulate the development of bacterial resistance rapid detection technology.
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