Melon often has the problem of turning melons. Now the reasons and prevention methods of melon melons are summarized as follows, for the reference of the majority of melon farmers:
First, the symptoms: after the opening of the melon female flower, the ovary can not quickly expand, after 2-3 days began to shrink, turn yellow, and finally dry or rotten.
Second, the cause: This phenomenon is more common in the early spring protection area, causing many reasons for the melon, summarized in the following aspects: (1) unstable temperature and humidity, high temperature or low humidity or humidity over dry and wet all affect pollen development and Pollen tube elongation; (2) continuous cold and cold weather, the plant can not carry out photosynthesis; (3) soil water and fertilizer conditions are not good, female flower development is poor or plant growth is too weak; (4) cultivation is too dense, nitrogen fertilizer is applied too much, and the whole branch is not timely, etc. Plant growth is too strong, vegetative growth and reproductive growth are not coordinated; (5) lack of insect pollination in the greenhouse or poor insect activity due to low temperature and rainy weather and mechanical damage stigma, leading to poor pollination of female flowers.
Third, prevention and treatment methods: In order to prevent melon melon and improve the fruit setting rate, the following measures can be taken:
1, reasonable close planting, timely pruning and topping. The protected area is generally cultivated by vertical frame. The width of the kneading surface is 80 cm and two rows are arranged. The distance between the plants is 60-80 cm, the plant spacing is 35-40 cm, and 1800-2000 plants per acre are planted. Melon grows fast and has strong branching. If it is not pruned in time, it will affect the ventilation and light transmission, making the female flowers and fruits poorly developed. Therefore, pruning is an important technical measure in production. In the cultivation of the inner frame of the protected area, a single vine pruning is used, and the vines are meloned, and 1-2 leaves are topped in the front of the melon, and the apex is taken when the plant grows to 20-22 leaves.
2. Artificial assisted pollination. Artificial pollination is required in greenhouses without insects. The optimum temperature for melon pollination is 24-26 ° C. It blooms at 7-8 am every morning, and artificial pollination should be carried out at 8-10 am.
3. Hormone treatment. In recent years, the use of growth hormone such as anti-fallin, sitting melon to prevent melon melon and fruit drop. However, it is necessary to master the concentration so as to avoid cracking melon and deformed melon. This method is more labor-saving than manual pollination, and the fruit setting rate is over 95%.
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