Recently, many farmers have reported that half of the tip of the garlic leaves are yellow, and the surface is covered with gray hairy mold. In fact, this is the gray mold of garlic, which is also a common disease in garlic cultivation. Will lead to a large reduction in garlic production. So what are the symptoms of garlic gray mold? How to prevent it?
First, the symptoms
Gray mold of garlic is a fungal disease, which occurs mostly in the middle and late stages of plant growth. The lesion is water-stained at first, and the lesion is grayish-white fusiform or elliptical when enlarged, and the surface is densely gray to grayish-brown. After the onset of the old leaves of the plant, the pathogen can continue to infect the leaf sheath and the upper leaves, so that the pseudo stems and even the bulbs rot, and the gray parts and black sclerotia can be seen in the diseased part.
When the occurrence is serious, the whole plant leaves die, and the surface of the dead leaves has an irregular black sclerotium. When the garlic hair is sick, there is a gray-brown lesion. When the humidity is high, the lesion has a light black mold. The garlic clams stored in the cold storage began to develop from the tip and gradually spread downward, causing the garlic to rot.
Second, the law of incidence
The Botrytis cinerea is mainly caused by the sclerotia lurking in the soil of the garlic field in summer and winter. The conidiophores and conidia scattered on the surface of the soil or attached to the residue of the disease spread in the field, wind and rain, water and agriculture. Tools and field operations are vehicles for the spread of germs. In addition to the resistance of garlic varieties, the occurrence of gray mold is also affected by climate, soil quality and cultivation techniques. In the spring, there are many rainfalls, large humidity in the field, poor soil moisture and poor water permeability, excessive planting density, poor ventilation and light transmission in the field, late seeding, resulting in poor seedling growth, and partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, resulting in weakened disease resistance of plants. The reproduction and spread of germs.
After the garlic stalk is harvested, the mycelium and sclerotium that are lurking on the plant germinate under low temperature conditions, and the conidia produced by the airflow spread and invade from the wound or the dead part, and the repeated infection is repeated. The storage of alfalfa or storage under the conditions of low temperature and high humidity is serious.
Third, prevention and treatment methods
1. Select resistant varieties
Choose garlic varieties with high resistance to gray mold, such as Cangshan Garlic, Pushu, Lushanbai, Ershuizao, Jiading White Garlic, Anqiu Garlic, etc., and select garlic before sowing.
2, clean the countryside
After the garlic is harvested, the leaves of the residual plants in the field are removed. Before the soil is ploughed, the ground is planted with rice and ignited, and the pathogens in the sick body are burned to reduce the number of overwintering bacteria in the field.
3. Strengthen field management
Choose land plots with low groundwater level and good soil drainage; deep turn the soil, apply organic fertilizer as base fertilizer, apply more soil and fertilizer, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, avoid excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer; rational close planting avoids plant growth and timely opening Drainage of the ditch avoids water accumulation in the field; the seeds are disinfected before sowing, and the seeds can be sown after being mixed with the new high-fat film 800 times liquid; the stalks are sprayed during the growth period, and the fruit is sturdy and fertilized during the gestation period. Disease resistance, increase garlic production.
The above are the symptoms, pathogenesis and prevention methods of garlic gray mold. Garlic gray mold usually occurs more in the shed, and there are many cloudy weather, low temperature, and the disease is easy to occur when the humidity is high. If it is not timely prevented, it will lead to serious yellowing of garlic and affect growth, so farmers must pay attention.
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