Under light, artificial cells are activated, start photosynthesis (left, green), and dormant in the dark (right, red). This breakthrough will help scientists explore the details of the operation of real cells, as well as the origin and evolution of cells.
Sina Technology News Beijing time on April 1st news, according to foreign media reports, scientists in the laboratory have developed a kind of artificial cells that can be used for photosynthesis and energy production. This breakthrough will help scientists explore the details of the operation of real cells, as well as the origin and evolution of cells.
This is not the first time scientists have attempted to recreate the energy-generating system that nature has shaped for millions of years. However, this attempt is more practical and “lifelike†than before, and the way chemicals are made is the same as plant cells. Researchers at the Tokyo Institute of Technology have created simple cells that produce chemical energy and then use this energy to generate more cellular components themselves.
It has always been the goal of researchers to cultivate artificial cells that can synthesize their own cell components. However, before this study, scientists' attempts have been frustrated. The cell membrane is the focus of this research and the key to the project. "Our Artificial photosynthetic cell systems have laid the foundation for creating artificial cells that can synthesize energy independently," the researchers wrote.
The researchers extracted the necessary chemicals from real cells and synthesized a multi-layered cell structure, which produced two key chemicals: ATP synthase and cellular rhodopsin.
Under light, artificial cells are activated, start photosynthesis (left, green), and dormant in the dark (right, red). This breakthrough will help scientists explore the details of the operation of real cells, as well as the origin and evolution of cells.
ATPase is the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of ATP, and ATP is the so-called "cell current", which is the key to making energy for cells. Cellular rhodopsin comes from ancient microbes and is very good at capturing light and forcing charged particles (hydrogen ions) out of cells. This can create a potential difference inside and outside the cell membrane, allowing ATP synthase to function normally. These two chemicals work together, are indispensable, and are indispensable in the process of converting light into energy and using it to synthesize cellular components.
The researchers found that the system works effectively and is very similar to real cells. It converts DNA into a similar chemical, messenger RNA. Messenger RNA is very close to DNA, but easier to manipulate than DNA with double helix. Messenger RNA carries a blueprint for the proteins that are essential to life. Artificial cells made by researchers can successfully read this information and make proteins in the cells.
The researchers found that these artificial cells could not synthesize all the proteins, but future research may be able to do this. "I have tried for a long time, trying to create living artificial cells, especially with cell membranes as the research focus." Lead researcher Yutetsu Kuruma said, "In this study, our artificial cells are wrapped in a lipid membrane, which is also wrapped with some smaller membrane structures. As a result, the cell membrane becomes the most important cell formation. Part." (leaves)
Source: Sina Technology
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