Introduction to the background of the article
BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION
Mannose is a six-carbon monosaccharide that is present in a free state in certain plant skins, such as peach, apple, and citrus peel, which contain a certain amount of free mannose. In addition, D-mannose-containing glycans are also contained in ivory palm, yeast, red algae, serum globulin, ovomucoid, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In the process of metabolism, mannose is phosphorylated to form mannose-6-phosphate due to the action of hexokinase. Currently, mannose has been used as a glycotrophic nutrient for clinical use. It can be widely distributed in body fluids and tissues, especially in the nerves, skin, testes, retina, liver and intestines. The body can directly use mannose to synthesize glycoproteins and participate in immune regulation. Existing studies have shown that mannose may also prevent and inhibit obesity and its associated type 2 diabetes.
In 2018, Vandana Sharma of the Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute published a paper in the journal Cell Reports ( IF 8.032, District I ). An article entitled "Mannose Alters Gut Microbiome, Prevents Diet-Induced Obesity, and Improves Host Metabolism".
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Main method used
METHODS
1. Immunostaining and H&E staining
2. Real-time quantitative PCR
3. Glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test
4. Microarray expression analysis
5. Genomic analysis
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Summary of the main contents of the article
ABSTRACT
Mannose is not only an important monosaccharide for protein glycosylation in mammals, but also an inefficient source of cellular energy. Using a diet-induced obese C57BL6/J mouse model, the researchers found that supplementation with a certain amount of mannose inhibited weight gain, reduced fat ratio, reduced fatty liver, increased endurance and maximum oxygen consumption in mice fed a high-fat diet. Improve glucose tolerance. Mice supplemented with mannose have a higher fecal energy component, indicating a decrease in heat absorption by the host. Mannose increases the ratio of Bacteroides to thick-walled bacteria in the intestinal microbiota of mice, a marker associated with the lean phenotype. These beneficial effects can be observed when mannose is added at the beginning of life. Subsequently, functional transcriptomic analysis of the mouse cecal microbiota revealed that coherent changes in microbial energy metabolism are induced by mannose and are presumed to act by reducing the energy produced by the intestinal flora to metabolize complex carbohydrates. Reduce energy intake and play it. The results of this study show that mannose can resist the harmful effects of high-fat diet, and the intestinal flora plays an important role.
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