Release date: 2014-05-08
Kabul’s 3-year-old girl, Sakhana, is infected with polio, the first confirmed case in Kabul in 12 years. She lived in Pakistan before her family. Her father was a taxi driver and often went to the tribal area.
Polio has spread to several fragile states, prompting the World Health Organization to announce on Monday that it constitutes a global public health emergency. This is the second time the organization has issued an emergency announcement since the relevant regulations in 2007 allowed such measures.
Two years ago, 25 years after the vaccination campaign for billions of children, the prion was nearing eradication. Today, health officials say that if you don't take immediate action, this goal may fail.
The WHO said that recently, Pakistan, Syria and Cameroon have spread the virus to Afghanistan, Iraq and Equatorial Guinea, respectively, and they should take special measures to stop the spread of the virus.
“The situation is moving in the wrong direction and must be back on track before a bad situation,†said WHO spokesman Gregory Hartl. “So we have to tell Pakistanis, Syrians and Cameroon. People, 'You really need to act.'"
The statement is tantamount to taking travel restrictions on these three countries and represents WHO's recent tough stance. In the past, the organization often succumbed to pressure from member states, even if epidemics spread wildly within a country and sometimes spread to other countries, and they were not held accountable.
“This is a fundamental shift in the project,†said Dr. Bruce Aylward, head of the WHO polio eradication project. “The nations of the world signal that they will no longer allow those that have not been eradicated. The country of the virus spreads the virus out."
Although the number of known cases this year is relatively small – as of April 30, there were 68 cases, and 24 cases were found in the same period last year, and WHO still declared a state of emergency.
Hartle said that the most worrying thing for experts is that the virus is still spreading during the off-season from January to April.
Rebecca M. Martin, head of global immunization at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, said, "We don't want the virus to spread to the Central African Republic, South Sudan or Ukraine. Country.†Since the project was launched in 1988, the center has been providing funding and professional assistance for eradication projects.
Resist the virus usually requires several rounds of vaccination for all children in the target country. However, the agency has taken unusual measures, saying that residents of all ages in Pakistan, Syria and Cameroon should be vaccinated before going abroad. This restrictive measure should be retained until the last case of “transnationally transmitted cases†After the year.
The organization also said that seven other countries should “encourage†residents who may travel to vaccinate. These seven countries include Afghanistan, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Iraq, Israel, Nigeria and Somalia.
There have been no confirmed cases of human infection in Israel, but a polio virus from Pakistan has been detected in sewage in Tel Aviv and elsewhere.
Although WHO does not have enforcement powers, these provisions are part of a global health treaty promulgated in 2007 that states that “should ensure†the implementation of recommended initiatives. The above provisions apply to Pakistan, Syria and Cameroon. The other seven countries only need to “encourage†such initiatives.
However, countries can rely on this document to refuse admission to immigrants, tourists or business travelers who do not have a vaccination certificate.
Polio is a highly contagious virus that spreads through feces. Although the probability of a virus causing symptoms is only one-hundredth of a percent, patients with severe illness may die or die. Since many people do not know that they carry the virus, a confirmed case will be considered a serious outbreak. The disease cannot be cured.
Unlike flu or other winter viruses, polio is widely spread in hot climates. The number of cases has increased since the summer, usually during the summer monsoon rains and the summer heat, the virus spreads in the drains filled with sewage, the sewage washes the feet of the playful children, they touch the feet or the ball, then Put your finger in the mouth and get infected with the virus.
Although the disease primarily affects children, there is growing evidence that it will spread to other countries, such as businessmen, smugglers and migrant workers, through adult carriers.
Dr. Alward said that there were 68 new cases this year, 54 of which were from Pakistan, which made the country the most risky country. Polio has never been eliminated in Pakistan, the Taliban faction in North Waziristan has banned vaccination for many years, and the Taliban elsewhere have killed members of the vaccine team.
There has only been a confirmed case in Syria this year, but in October last year, there were 13 cases in the country, the first such situation in the country since 1999.
Source: bio360
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