In China's current corn cultivation status, some problems have seriously affected the yield and quality of China's corn. These problems are not conducive to the expansion of corn planting area and the improvement of corn quality, and are not conducive to people's deep processing of corn, but also not satisfied. People's needs for all aspects of corn.
I. Problems in current corn cultivation techniques
(1) The corn variety is not good
Corn planting requires a suitable growing environment and climatic conditions, but in order to ensure corn yield, the variety problem is very important. Different corn seeds have different requirements for the natural environment. When selecting seeds, it is necessary to select seeds suitable for local climatic conditions, geographical conditions, and strong environmental adaptability. In addition, China's corn varieties still have shortcomings such as insufficient quality and weak resistance to pests and natural disasters. Once an epidemic or natural disaster occurs, it will have a major impact on corn growth. Therefore, corn varieties have a great impact on corn yield. In order to ensure corn yield, corn varieties must be improved, and good varieties should be selected for sowing.
(2) Soil tillage is not thorough
Due to the large size of corn plants, root distribution has a great influence on corn growth. If the root distribution of the corn is not extensive enough, the top layer of the corn plant will not be able to absorb enough nutrients, which will result in its inability to grow normally. The reason why the root system is not widely distributed is that the soil tillage is not thorough. Generally, the soil for planting corn must be ploughed to a depth of more than 20 cm. Otherwise, malnutrition and plant lodging may occur. Many corn growers are doing this. No attention was paid when plowing.
(3) Implant density is unreasonable
In the process of corn planting, ignoring the characteristics of the variety, it is impossible to accurately measure the planting density, and it is also a technical problem that often affects the yield and quality of corn. Generally, corn undergoes a leafy process during its growth process, which requires a certain amount of growth space. Compared with other crops, corn planting space is more difficult to grasp. If the early planting density control of corn is unreasonable, it will seriously affect the growth and development of the late corn, and will not maximize the final yield.
Second, corn cultivation technology problems and solutions
(1) Improving corn varieties
1) Corn should be carefully analyzed before growing. The most suitable seeds should be selected according to local conditions. Seeds with strong resistance to insects and natural disasters should be selected to ensure a substantial increase in final corn yield. When selecting corn planting varieties, corn growers should select some new hybrid corn varieties with high yield, stability, disease resistance and stress resistance according to different ecological conditions, so as to ensure that corn can be allowed in different planting environments. Corn growers have a good harvest;
2) Corn growers should effectively apply advanced machinery for corn planting, which can guarantee the yield and quality of corn. At the same time, it is necessary to scientifically combine corn variety selection with its own corn planting capacity and scientifically carry out planting work.
(2) Seriously plowing and planting at the right time
1) Buy good varieties. Before preparing for planting, corn growers need to pay attention to deep-growing soil. In order to ensure that the roots of the corn are deeply rooted so that they can thrive later, it is recommended to plow the depth of more than 20 cm. After a long period of observation, the deep ploughing work will make the corn grow very well in the later stage. In the deep ploughing, it is necessary to do the preparatory work in advance. It is necessary to pay attention to selecting suitable weather for sowing, so as to avoid the sudden survival of corn disasters affecting the survival rate of corn;
2) In terms of temperature, planting should be divided according to different geographical environments. The average daily temperature in the plain area is high. You can choose to plant in early spring. In high latitudes, because the average daily temperature is low, you can't choose to plant too early. Otherwise, the seeds may be exposed to low temperatures due to the lack of basic temperature conditions for corn growth, which makes it difficult to seed. After the date of planting is selected, the consistency of the seeds should be considered as a whole when planting, including seeding density and planting depth, so as to avoid plant irregularities. For ploughing and sowing, we must carry out careful and meticulous work, which can provide guarantee for the increase of corn yield and quality.
(3) Reasonable setting of corn planting density
1) The rationality of corn planting density has a very strong relationship with corn yield and quality. Therefore, for corn growers, it is necessary to scientifically grasp the density of corn planting. Specifically, it is necessary to conduct effective investigation and research on the fertility of planting soil and the light and heat resources in corn planting, and also use advanced and reasonable agricultural machinery and equipment to carry out corn planting, thereby ensuring the yield and quality of corn;
2) Corn growers should learn more about the relevant planting expertise and plant corn varieties in a scientific and reasonable way. Avoid avoiding high yields and ignoring the actual situation in planting. This will affect corn yield and cannot guarantee. Corn quality.
(iv) Strengthening the prevention and control of pests and diseases
Pest control has a very important role in corn cultivation. Under normal circumstances, pests and diseases often occur in periods of high rainfall and high temperatures. Once there is a large amount of water in the farmland due to poor drainage, it will provide conditions for the propagation of pests and diseases in high temperature and high humidity environment. Regarding the prevention and control of pests and diseases in corn planting, starting from the seedling stage, in the early stage of corn seedling formation, attention should be paid to the growth of corn, and the distribution of water in the field should be combined to monitor the pests and diseases. Pest control should be based on prevention, and the use of chemical drugs should be limited as much as possible. Biological control methods should be used to prevent chemical drugs from contaminating the soil, affecting fertility, and making resistance to pests and diseases.
In summary, this paper takes the problems of poor corn varieties, incomplete soil tillage and unreasonable planting density in China's corn cultivation techniques as the starting point. In response to these problems, it is proposed to improve corn varieties and seriously plow tillage. Corresponding solutions such as rational setting of corn planting density and strengthening pest control work, I hope that the research in this paper can better improve the overall level of corn cultivation technology in China and contribute to the sustainable development of China's agriculture.
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