China's Development of Bismuth Industry Improves Protein Feed Production

At present, China's annual output of oil is about 50 million tons, and oil cakes are more than 30 million tons; while the demand for protein feeds for aquaculture is about 60 million tons per year, of which the protein feed for pigs is about 40 million tons. If it is only relying on domestically produced pancakes, it is difficult to meet the demand for protein feed. In order to make up for the shortage of 25 million tons of protein feed, it must import more than 30 million tons of soybeans, equivalent to occupying more than 200 million mu of cultivated land.

Is it really impossible for China to get rid of imported soybeans? In addition to bean cake, legumes, such as the king of pasture, are also important sources of feed protein. In the United States, earthworms are one of the four major crops alongside corn, soybeans, and wheat.

Alfalfa meal can not only raise cattle and sheep, but also feed the pigs. In addition to a protein content of up to 20%, the grass powder also contains cellulose. Although cellulose provides limited energy, pigs still need cellulose as cloven-hoofed animals. Modern factory aquaculture, one-sided pursuit of daily gain and feed rate, feed high energy, high protein, and the lack of "low-value" cellulose, the results of the pigs are in a sub-health state, easy to get sick.

In addition, leguminous plants represented by alfalfa, which are drought-tolerant and poor-tolerant, are excellent trees and grasses for soil and water conservation and desertification prevention. They are the pioneers of afforestation of northern China's barren mountains and the exploitation of marginal land resources in the farming-pastoral ecotone.

The “three pieces of arid mountainous areas, mulching grass on terraced fields”, planting grass and raising livestock or producing feed protein not only have good ecological benefits, but also have potential economic and social benefits.

It starts from the West Liaohe River Basin in the east, reaches Qilian Mountain, Hetao Plain, and the West Ordos Plateau in the west, starts from Tongliao, Chifeng, Beijing, Taiyuan, Yan’an, Qingyang, and Lanzhou in the south, and is a major agricultural and pastoral interlaced zone in the north. Soil erosion, wind erosion, and desertification are serious, but the sky is high and the annual precipitation is between 300 mm and 500 mm, which is suitable for the growth of various legumes. The protein content of alfalfa meal is about half that of soybean cake. In general, 1 mu of legumes can replace at least 1 mu of feed protein provided by soybeans.

There are many cousins ​​in the leguminous plants, such as Caragana korshinskii, Scutellaria argentea (arbuscularis), red bean grass, and small crowned flowers. They are usually herbs or shrubs, and they can be used as both grazing and grass cutting. In addition, in the desert and semi-desert areas, there are sheep chai (flowers) and flower rods (branches). It is also possible to replant Ziyun Ying in the winter paddy fields of southern China as forage and green manure. In addition, a variety of leguminous trees, such as hedgehogs, are also rich in protein-rich fodder. Goats prefer to eat and can be used as an air pasture.

China has not only 1.8 billion mu of arable land, but also more than 6 billion mu of grassland. Grassland agriculture should have bright prospects. As long as there is great development in the grass industry, Chinese feed protein can be completely self-sufficient, or even large-scale output. The surrounding areas in China, especially Japan and South Korea, import large amounts of alfalfa meal (clumps) from the international market every year.

The main problems for legumes used as feeds are: farmers use traditional methods to dry hay, which results in more nutrient losses. Should promote the modern processing technology to produce grass powder, grass blocks, at the same time, many legumes have thorns on the stems, can feed sheep, pigs cows are difficult to feed directly. How to use industrial methods to de-thorn, and separate protein and cellulose, to produce feed protein (even food protein), fiberboard, paper, fuel ethanol, etc.; legumes contain antitrypsin, saponin and other ingredients, monogastric animal raw food It is easy to cause adverse reactions; the agricultural and pastoral crisscross areas in China, especially in the northern Loess Plateau, are mostly rugged and broken, with many slopes and inconvenient mechanization. In order to improve labor efficiency, special equipment such as lightweight (knapsack) lawn mowers need to be developed; Grass substitutes imported soybeans as feed protein, and there should be greater development in China's livestock husbandry industry in the future. Moreover, due to limited restrictions on the limited land per capita, the aquaculture industry can become one of the first large-scale and modern industries in agriculture.

In the future, China's comprehensive meat production should be more than 100 million tons, and become an important export agricultural product. Of course, the population growth of the world’s major advanced economies is weak, even negative, and meat consumption is hard to increase. However, economies such as Japan and South Korea in East Asia have great demand for high-end livestock products, and the world’s fastest growing meat import market should be Islamic countries. The Islamic world is the fastest growing population in the world. Most of them are located in the tropical regions such as Southeast Asia, South Asia, South-West Asia and Africa. The hot climate limits the development of animal husbandry. In the future, the demand for meat products is huge and the supply is insufficient. There is great potential for the development of halal food trade in China and the Islamic world. Therefore, the development of grass industry should be given sufficient attention.