Flammulina, like Pleurotus ostreatus, can also be used as a raw material bed. Raw material bed planting generally takes place after the frost falls before and after the Spring Festival. Now we will briefly introduce the cultivation technology of the mushroom material bed as follows:
1. Site selection: The mushroom farm should be clean and hygienic, free from bacteria, pests, debris, and dirt, kept away from livestock and toilets, and well ventilated. Indoor cultivation, regardless of size, must have doors and windows, ventilation. The ground is preferably a concrete floor. If it is a mud, it must be disinfected thoroughly. If the bed frame must be dismantled and disinfected. If it is outdoor Yangshuo or greenhouse cultivation, the site chooses to sit north to south, east-west direction.
2, mushroom bed preparation: pit depth 30-35 cm, width 70-80 cm, length is not limited, generally 6 meters is appropriate. The bottom of the pit was slightly turtle-shaped, and 5-8 cm of shallow ditch was left on the inside of the pit wall to make the mushroom into the water for humidification. Leave 60 cm on both sides of the north and south for the operating sidewalk. In the center of the sidewalk, dig a 5-10 cm wide, shallow triangle ditch so that the water in the bow shed can be ruled out when it rains. On both sides of the east and west sides, dig one of the drainage ditches, 50 centimeters wide and 50 centimeters deep, for drainage in the rainy season. The cultivation sites were sprayed with 2% dichlorvos and 5% lime water, and the doors and windows in the indoor areas were shaded. For example, with civil defense construction, in a dark place, a 15 watt light bulb is generally installed at about 5 meters. The size of the bacteria bed should not be too wide. If you can't afford to use 80 centimeters, it is better to pad the culture film under the culture material. The upper part must also be able to support a height of 30-50 cm.
3, cultivation materials formula: culture materials are generally based on cottonseed shells. Raw materials require fresh or dry, no mildew and pests. For the summer raw materials should be exposed to bacteria, remove impurities. Introduce the following four recipes for selection.
Formula One: 88% cottonseed hull or cornstarch, 10% bran, 1% sugar, 0.8% slaked lime, 0.2% carbendazim.
Formula II: 95% cottonseed husk, 3% corn, 1% sugar, 0.5% lime, 0.05% tartaric acid, 0.25% magnesium sulfate, 0.2% carbendazim.
Formula 3: 95% cottonseed husk, 3% corn flour, 1% sugar, 0.8% gypsum powder, 0.2% carbendazim.
Formulation 4: cottonseed hull 96%, corn flour 3.2%, urea 0.5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, carbendazim 0.2%.
The above four kinds of culture materials formula, its feed water ratio is 1:1.3-1.4, PH value 7-7.5.
4. Ingredients: In the seasoning process, sugar, slaked lime, etc. should be first dissolved in a sufficient amount of hot water, then the bran and corn flour should be mixed in the cottonseed hulls, and the water containing sugar and other substances should be added while mixing. Leave it tight for half an hour before mixing.
5. Sowing: The production process of the bacterial bed is to spread the scrub-disinfected plastic cloth on the ground. The plastic cloth is 2 meters wide and about 6 meters long. The mixed material was placed in the middle of a plastic sheet and sown in 3 layers and 4 layers. The distribution amount of bacteria is compaction, flattening, and making the mushroom bed turtle-back shaped. The amount of hand and foot can not be less than 10% of the total amount of culture materials. After the sowing was over, the old newspaper was covered with a few straws and then the mulch was folded back and covered in newspapers.
6. Management of bacterial beds: Within 10 days after sowing, no turning is done. After 10 days check, if the bacteria does not sprout, you can gently lift the film to open the ventilation. At 7-10°C, the mycelium can spread over the bed surface for 40-60 days and generally penetrate into the medium 2-3 cm. From this moment onwards, the membrane was ventilated every day for 10 minutes so that the bed surface quickly turned from gray to white and brown droplets appeared. At this point you can carry out the bud management, increase the height of the film by more than 10 cm into an arch shape, maintain the relative humidity of the air above 85%, and ventilate the mushroom house 2-3 times per day. Uncover the film 1-2 times (20 minutes each time) . The membrane ventilation must be performed after ventilation, and a large number of mushroom buds will be produced after about 1 week.
After mushrooming, the bed should be kept moist, but it should not be too wet. Spray water to be misty, less spray spray, do not spray directly on the material surface of young mushrooms. A layer of gauze may be placed on the film and the gauze sprayed onto the film. If the bacteria bed has accumulated water, it must be sucked off with cotton. When the stipe length is 1-2 cm, the relative humidity in the membrane should be maintained at about 90%. When the handle length exceeds 10 cm, the relative humidity in the membrane should be reduced to 80-85%. The temperature of mushroom house in this stage is best controlled at 10-12°C. Indoor cultivation will be shaded from the beginning, and civil defense construction will not be given light.
7, timely harvest: bed planted mushroom to harvest in time. The start of the development of the mushroom cover was about 30% of the degree of openness, which was the optimum period. When harvesting, hold the mushroom bed in one hand and gently pull out the base of the mushroom grove. Do not leave the handle. The old bacteria on the surface of the bacteria bed are gently smashed, and then a small amount of water is sprayed on the bed to cover the membrane. Soon the second batch of mushroom buds will be formed. Afterwards, we proceeded with mushroom management.
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