In the current process of pest control in China, chemical pesticides are still the most important means of prevention and control. Chemical pesticides have played a significant role in protecting crops and restoring yield losses, but they have also brought about problems that cannot be ignored, such as pesticide residues, environmental pollution, natural enemies, and pest resistance. In recent years, insect sex attractants as an environmental protection, efficient new insecticide weapon gradually spread throughout the country, becoming a good helper for farmers to deal with insect pests.
It is understood that sexual attractants mainly use the principle of releasing sex pheromone to attract heterosexual adults when mature adults of insects are sexually mature, artificially synthesize insect sex pheromone compounds, and reduce the number of insemination eggs by interfering with male and female mating to achieve the purpose of controlling target pests.
According to Sheng Chengfa, a researcher at the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences who has long been engaged in research on pest control, insect sex attractants can play a major role in monitoring insect pests, trapping and killing adults, interfering with mating, protecting natural enemies, and reducing pollution in integrated pest management. Low cost, simple operation method, good control effect, non-toxic and harmless advantages. Its application in the United States, Japan and other developed countries has been very common, playing a huge role in the production of green and organic foods. “The successful case of internationally applied lures should be the first in the United States to extinguish the cotton boll weevil. The boll weevil came into the United States from Mexico in 1892 and has been the number one pest of US cotton for more than 100 years, resulting in direct economic losses of up to US$22 billion. Many years ago, scientists found its sexual attractants. After more than 10 years of hard work, the worms were virtually extinct and became a model in the world's pest management history."
In the process of practical application throughout China, the advantages of sex attractants have gradually emerged. According to statistics, the application of attractant to control agricultural pests, the average control effect of up to 50% to 80%, each growing season can reduce the use of chemical pesticides 2 to 3 times, reduce the use of pesticides more than 30%, per acre use cost Save more than 30 yuan over the chemical control area, the overall benefit is very significant. Not only can reduce the amount of pesticides, reduce pesticide residues, sex attractants against Spodoptera litura, Plutella xylostella, tobacco budworm and other insect pests have strong chemical pesticides incomparable advantages.
It is understood that the research on insect sex attractants in China has been more than 40 years old. After continuous efforts of three generations of scientists, the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed and improved a variety of sex attractants. The effect of moth trapping is 3 to 5 times that of conventional technology products, and the cost is less than one-fifth that of similar foreign products. It is considered to be the biggest breakthrough in the field at home and abroad for more than 30 years.
At present, the application of sex attractants in China's grain and cotton crops and vegetable fruit trees has begun to take shape.
“In recent years, the Chinese lure attractant technology has developed rapidly, and the joint use of plant-derived attractants has also shown significant progress. Various types of traps, including water basins, viscose, cages, funnels, electric shocks, and poison trapping, are also continuously improving. "Sheng Chengfa said that despite this, compared with the United States, Japan and other developed countries, the use of domestic lures is still in its infancy. At present, there are hundreds of species of insect sex attractants in the world, and the amount of original domestic drug attractants is less than 1% of the total amount of the world. There is ample room for development in related species, use techniques, and appliances.
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