At present, the incidence of cancer and death rate have increased year by year, and China has become the fifth largest country in the world for cancer diseases. Last year, the Beijing Cancer Institute reported that a new tumor was reported every 6 seconds in Beijing. The incidence of Haidian and Chaoyang tumors was the lowest, and Fengtai was the highest. Because there are many young people in Chaoyang, Haidian, there are many elderly people in Fengtai. Lung cancer and digestive system cancer are high, and prostate cancer is increasing in men. The cure of the tumor is not satisfactory.
There are many ways to treat cancer, and there is no absolute effective method. Tumor treatment methods currently include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeting, drug immunization, and cellular immunity. The more treatments a disease shows, the less effective treatment is available for the disease. Radiation therapy for tumors is a comprehensive discipline. It has also gradually developed in China, and has developed together with clinical oncology, clinical radiology physics, and clinical radiobiology, and it has reached the point of today.
70% of tumors require radiotherapy, and some tumors can even be cured by radiotherapy. Such as nasopharyngeal cancer, radiotherapy is a powerful treatment. For most locally metastatic lesions, the analgesic effect of radiotherapy is very good. In today's cancer patients, treatment is one aspect, and the quality of life of patients during treatment is also an important aspect. Both are important to alleviate the suffering of the patient and cure the tumor.
The principle of radiotherapy is to damage DNA and require multiple radiotherapy. The principle of radiotherapy is very simple, that is, high-energy radiation ionizes cell DNA, cells cannot divide, and tumor cells die. Tumor cells and normal cells have the ability to compensate and repair, so the radiotherapy method should be divided into several treatments. For some highly sensitive tumors, radiotherapy works well. Insensitive tumors, radiotherapy is not ideal.
At present, the tumor needs comprehensive treatment. At present, there are three major treatments for tumors: surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, which can cure 22%, 18%, and 5% of tumors, respectively, and the remaining 55% of the tumors are incurable. Therefore, many hospitals now adopt comprehensive treatment for the treatment of tumors, combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy.
To reduce normal tissue damage, precise radiotherapy is necessary. Radiotherapy, while destroying the tumor, inevitably has certain damage to normal tissues. We can only reduce damage to normal tissues. The protection of normal tissues and the elimination of tumors are contradictory. How to solve this contradiction optimally is a major situation faced by radiotherapy now, so it also produces a variety of radiotherapy methods. Now is the era of precision radiotherapy, radiotherapy from two-dimensional traditional radiotherapy (general discharge), to three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, then to intensity-modulated radiotherapy, and then to image-guided radiotherapy, is a process of progressive precision radiotherapy. Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy is now common in China, and intensity-modulated radiotherapy is 40%. The intensity-modulated radiotherapy was first started in China in 2000, and now it is more than 10 years, and the development is very good. Image-guided radiotherapy is also an intensity-modulated radiotherapy, but with image guidance, it began to develop in China after 2006.
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