There are 14 kinds of pests in stored grain, among which there are five species of cornivorous elephants, corn elephants, rice elephants, grain hoppers, and wheat moths that are harmful to cereals. The sawn thief, tyrants from the valley, the Longhorn priests and the valley thief , Indian moths and rot typhoid crickets 6 kinds of secondary feeding pests, as well as green beans, peas, beans, beans like three kinds of legume-feeding pests. Now introduce several non-chemical control methods:
1. Clean and disinfect storage and storage equipment, such as sacks, cloth bags, baskets, jars, altars, etc., and clean and disinfect the interior and exterior of grain storage facilities.
Second, high-temperature exposure The sun's direct temperature in summer can reach about 50°C, and it has a lethal effect on almost all of the stored grain pests. Therefore, regardless of whether the new grain or old grain can be spread on the field in sunny weather, the thickness is 3 to 5 centimeters. It is turned once every half hour. When the temperature rises above 45 degrees Celsius, pests die after 2 hours of drying. In order to prevent the insects from escaping during exposure, spray insecticides such as dichlorvos or malathion as a defensive line around the grain field 2 meters away from the grain pile. For long-term storage of wheat, rice, etc., can be sealed in the heat after sun exposure, in order to improve the insecticidal effect. After the seeds are allowed to dry, they must not be stored hot and must be stored until the temperature drops to room temperature.
Third, the plant smoked this method is more suitable for farmers in the case of less food. The roasted pepper or fennel powder into a small gauze bag, about 12 grams per bag, evenly buried in the food, usually put 2 bags per 50 kilograms of food, you can insecticide, pest control.
4. During the period of controlling temperature and humidity grain storage, the food temperature and humidity and the occurrence of pests should be checked frequently. When it is found that the grain temperature is high and the humidity is high, it is necessary to immediately dry the air or open the window to reduce the temperature and humidity of the food. If the food is found to be insects, it is necessary to take prompt measures to prevent the spread of insects.
V. Grass ash moisture Most grain-storing pests do not survive when the grain water content is low. For example, corn grains cannot survive when the grain water content is below 10%. According to this habit, after the grain is fully dried, put it in cabinets, jars, altars and other grain storage equipment, leave some gaps on top and spread a few layers of paper. The paper is filled with moisture-absorbing ash, and finally stamped to prevent moisture and insects.
Sixth, low-temperature freezing 1 indoor freezer frozen pest control. Farmers with freezers in their homes may, in the absence of much food, batch the insect food into the freezer for freezing. After being frozen at -10°C for 12 hours, they will be taken out and stored under cold storage. 2 outdoor low-temperature frozen pest control. Most pests will be frozen after a period of time below 0°C. When the temperature continues to drop to -4°C or lower, the pests will be frozen to death after a period of time. In the cold winter season, the grain can be spread out and frozen in the open air, with a thickness of 7 to 10 centimeters. When the temperature drops to -10°C, after 12 hours of freezing, it can be cooled and sealed and stored. If the temperature does not reach -10°C, the freezing time must be extended. Various kinds of equipment used for storing grain can also be frozen outdoors using this method. In combination with tapping, pests hidden in the equipment are frozen to death. With the exception of seed grains and peanuts with a water content above 17%, this method cannot be used. All other food and oil materials can be used.
Seven, boiling water scalding This method is only applicable to broad beans and peas. The beans and peas stored in the farmer's home have worms. They can be placed in bamboo baskets and bamboo baskets, immersed in a boiling water pot and stirred continuously. After 25 to 28 seconds, they are immediately taken out into cold water, cooled, and then spread out to dry. The insects hidden in the bean can be 100% killed without affecting the germination power of the seed.
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