The vegetable production in winter greenhouses has greatly enriched the “vegetable basket†of the people of our country, and has played an important role in improving people’s lives and improving the dietary structure. However, bad weather may cause huge economic losses to the vegetable farmers overnight, so it is very important for the vegetable production in winter to do well in the prevention of winter bad weather and vegetable management.
First, wind and snow weather must be managed in time. The heavy snow and snow weather caused short and heavy losses to the greenhouse vegetables. Therefore, it must be highly concerned and managed in time. Before the arrival of strong winds, heavy snow, or heavy snowstorms, it is necessary to timely reinforce the shed and repair the shed film, and watch and listen to the weather forecast every day. The sheds must be sealed and the shed film and grasshoppers must be tightly closed and compacted; the laminating lines and straw ropes should be updated every year; not only the longitudinal grass ropes should be fastened and pressed tightly, but also in the windy days. Add 3 to 4 horizontal drawstrings. If there are no columns or columns in the shed, the number of columns should be increased to increase the load in the shed. In order to facilitate cleaning snow on the shed, two layers of film should be placed on the grass rake. At the same time, when heavy snow or blizzard lands, snow conditions should be observed at any time, and the snow on the shed should be cleared in time to prevent collapse of the shed.
Second, overcast weather should be fine tube. Winter fog weather is more common bad weather. In the continuous fog weather, heat preservation and dehumidification are the key points of management. If it is not absolutely necessary, do not water, fertilize, and spray to prevent pests and diseases. When it is really necessary to use the above measures, under the guidance of technicians and experienced farmers, avoid the weak growth period of vegetables caused by continuous fog, use drip irrigation, micro-spraying, sub-film furrow irrigation, fertilization, foliar fertilizers and aerosols. , tampering and other agricultural and physical measures, water and fertilizer management and pest control. In the foggy days of the past days, attention should be paid to increasing the amount of astigmatism. Every day at noon, when the temperature is high, the grasshoppers will be pulled open. There are power supply conditions that can be used for 40W plant fill lights, plant growth lights or 120W greenhouse cucumber special fill lights and other special Or ordinary fluorescent light to fill light.
Third, cold and cold should be scientific management. Set cold-proof ditch, dig 30cm wide and 50cm deep cold-proof ditch in front of the shed, fill up straw, leaves or weeds, and increase the temperature of the shed by 3°C; add a light curtain and leave the shed wall and hanging light curtain on the north side of the shed. , Can increase the temperature of the greenhouse 2 °C, can increase the light intensity of 20% to 30%, but also can increase the ground temperature about 1 °C; scientific fertilizer water, in the greenhouse temperature below 8 °C Do not water fertilization, do need fertilization Can be sprayed with 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3% calcium nitrate, 1%~2% fertilization or compound fertilizer filtrate, or 1% glucose solution; set up a heating furnace or outside the greenhouse, When the temperature is lower than 6°C, timely heating with straw, firewood, coal, etc. should be used, but the smoke must be discharged outside the shed. If there are power conditions, electric heaters can be used to increase the temperature so as to allow the greenhouse vegetables to survive the adverse weather conditions and resume production quickly.
Fourth, the sudden rise in temperature and sudden drop should be flexible. When the fog suddenly turns fine in the past few days, do not open the grasshopper immediately. Pull the cover half or a half or every time. In this way, for three consecutive days, the greenhouse vegetables will gradually adapt to changes in the environment to prevent rapid changes in the shelter. High temperature and direct sunlight cause a large amount of vegetables to evaporate water in the shed. Due to weakening of the root system and poor aging and absorption, it causes dehydration and wilting. When the temperature suddenly drops sharply, it is necessary to pull the grasshoppers later, cover the grasshoppers earlier, and extend the covering time to accumulate temperature in the shed to reduce the temperature of the shed. At the same time, when the temperature suddenly changes, do not use water, fertilize and spray to prevent and control pests, so as to avoid cooling and injuring the roots, causing death and aggravating pests and diseases.
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