Asparagus Non-pollution Undergrowth Technology

1.1 Variety selection

Asparagus varieties are selected to be suitable for the cultivation of good varieties in the north of Shanxi Province and are the champions of hybrids cultivated by the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

The champion variety has three advantages:

1 Good Productivity

The early spring sprouts early, and the tender stems grow neatly in the early stages. In the whole growth period, there are many stems and stout varieties with high shoot rate.

2Good quality and product traits

The main sign of high-quality asparagus is that the tender stems are hypertrophy, the bamboo shoots are fragrant, the bamboo shoots are round, and the top is wrapped tightly, and the appearance is beautiful.

3 strong resistance

It has strong resistance to diseases and insect pests.

1.2 Woodland selection

The forest stands were selected for poplar plantation. The forest age was young to medium-aged, and the pests and diseases were light and the row spacing was 5m. The forest and asparagus form a symbiotic relationship. The upper structure of the forest is covered with asparagus, which does not affect the growth and development of the lower layer asparagus.

In the woodland, the land with a flat terrain and convenient transportation requires a deep soil layer, convenient irrigation and good drainage.

1.3 Arable land and work

Before planting, it must be cultivated deeply. It is required to first level the plots, deep plowing to a depth of 35cm, breaking the bottom of the plough, breaking the light and dark plows, and then cultivating the pluvialis in order to reach soil looseness, land net, surface level, good soil permeability, and lay the foundation for the growth of asparagus. Good foundation. Apply 3m3 of base fertilizer per acre before ploughing and turn it into the soil with the arable land.

1.4 Trenching colonization

According to the planting ditch size of asparagus, the available area between poplars accounts for 50% of the forest land area, and the planting density is 1,100 plants per acre.

Row spacing: 0.3m1m.

Planting ditch specifications: The minimum ditching depth is more than 35cm, and the medium-sized soil can reach 40cm. The bottom width is 35cm and the width is 45cm. The length is determined according to the plot.

When digging trenches, the raw and cooked soils should be separated naturally. When backfilling, the mature soil is applied to the lower trenches, and the trenching time is from late March to early April.

1.5 Seedling Requirements

The standard for planting seedlings is first class seedlings: the seedling height is 30cm or more, there are 3 or more above ground stems, and the storage roots reach 7 to 10, and the fresh weight of the root plate is more than 50g.

Lifting requirements: When lifting the seedlings, it is necessary to dig lightly and gently, to lessen the roots, and to keep the length of the root system as much as possible. After transplanting, it can quickly elongate and absorb the effective nutrients in the soil, which is conducive to the cultivation of strong seedlings. Use nursery seedlings and nutritional seedlings to be transplanted as much as possible, and the land should be transported in long distances in a plastic bag to prevent water and nutrients in the root system from being dissipated.

1.6 Planting time

From early to mid-April. At this time, asparagus cultivated asparagus seedlings before the squamate buds had not germinated, ie when the asparagus dormancy phase was about to end, the root activity of the seedlings was weak, the new roots did not develop, and the survival rate of the transplanted shoots was less than that of transplanted roots, and the vigor of the asparagus was quicker to recover, and the growth was prosperous. Good for early high yields.

1.7 Planting requirements

The depth of planting requires deep planting, and the height is preferably 8 to 10 cm above the ground stem. Before asparagus seedlings are planted and covered with soil, the root system should be naturally arranged horizontally and laterally in the planting ditch, which is conducive to the vertical development of the asparagus in the horizontal direction and the simultaneous expansion of the root system toward the broad line.

2 late management

From the time of planting to harvesting, this period of time is of a young age. The main objectives of management are to promote promotion, promote return of seedlings, promote early-onset hair growth, rationally apply fertilizer and water management, and prevent and control diseases and insect pests to achieve the cultivation of a strong plant Bamboo shoots will be laid in the next year.

2.1 Fertilization

Asparagus when young stems out of the ground 10cm, can be applied once thin human urine or urea 2 ~ 3kg per mu and compound fertilizer 4 ~ 5kg, herb ash 50kg, fertilization when the plant first ditch 20cm, the fertilizer applied to the ditch Cover soil to promote seedling growth.

When the second time when the young stems are shed, 5kg urea and 5kg compound fertilizer are applied per acre, and then the fertilizer is applied once a month. The amount of fertilizer is increased by 1kg each time until the autumnal equinox. After several times, the stems of the new stems grew gradually and the underground stems expanded, which became more vigorous after the fall.

2.2 Watering

Rainwater is less in arid areas, and every 10~15 days, one water is poured. The amount of water to be soaked in each soil that is soaked by 25cm is appropriate. After each fertilization, it should be watered so as to absorb the root system. Before the soil is frozen in winter, it is necessary to pour enough frozen water for germination of the next year.

2.3 Weeding

Asparagus has a large row spacing, young plants are small, coverage is low, and the area exposed is large. When the soil temperature rises in early spring, not only young plants grow faster, but also various weeds are more likely to breed and spread, and compete with water for asparagus young plants. Cleared in time. The tussock grass must be removed by hand, and the rows can be combined with cultivator.

3 Pest control

3.1 weeding and pest control

Remove weeds from the field, improve the environment, and aggravate various pest breeding sites, thereby reducing the number of pests and diseases.

3.2 Biological control

The use of natural enemies or BT biologics to control pests such as creamy bugs, Beauveria bassiana, cotton bollworms, and tobacco budworms.

3.3 Manual capture

In fields where there are asparagus moths, use old mature larvae to raise the surface for the flood season and use shovels. Once every 2 days, the extermination of more than 80%, every time you need to be in the morning. With the adults just unearthed in the immobility period on the ground, pick up worms every morning and pick them up once and in the morning.

3.4 Trapping Adults

Adults such as cockroaches and moths have a strong tendency to light, sweet and sour, and they can use a variety of insect pests to seduce them.

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