Author: Exploring the bacteria release date: 2018-07-05

On July 2nd, Nature Biotechnology published a breakthrough result from the University of Washington, USA: Scientists successfully used human stem cells to restore the heart function of monkeys with heart failure. This study shows that this technology will be effective in patients with heart failure.

Most heart failure is caused by myocardial death caused by a heart attack. Since the myocardium does not regenerate, the damaged area is replaced by non-contracted scar tissue and the heart becomes weak. At some point, the heart can no longer pump enough blood to provide the body with the oxygen it needs to operate. This is called heart failure, and its symptoms include fatigue, extreme weakness, and shortness of breath.

In the United States, approximately 6.5 million people suffer from heart failure, and more than 600,000 people die each year from this disease. At present, no way to restore the muscle function lost by the heart has been found.

Stem cell-derived human cardiomyocytes (green) integrated into the scarred area (blue) of a heart wall (red) Credit: Xiulan Yang/Murry Lab

Breakthrough results

In this new study, the researchers used a macaque whose heart size and physiology were close to humans and induced a heart attack (reducing the left ventricular ejection fraction of the heart from about 65% to 40%, which is enough Make the animal heart failure).

Two weeks later, the researchers injected heart cells from human embryonic stem cells into and around the young scar tissue of the macaque. Each animal received approximately 750 million human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. For comparison, the control group was injected with a cell-free solution for injecting stem cells into the treated animals.

Four weeks after treatment, they found that the ejection fraction of the untreated control animals remained essentially unchanged at about 40%, but in the treated animals, the ejection fraction rose to 49.7%, about half the normal. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans revealed that new myocardium had grown in scar tissue in treated hearts, whereas no new myocardium was seen in untreated animals.

Next, the researchers continued to follow the observation of 2 treated animals and 1 control animal for 3 months. The results showed that the ejection fraction of the control animals decreased, while the treated animals (ejection fraction) continued to improve, rising from 51% after four weeks of treatment to 61% and 66% at three months - this is basically Normal ejection fraction.

In addition, the team also found that human heart cells formed new muscle tissue in the damaged area of ​​the tested macaques, and new muscle tissue has replaced 10% to 29% of scar tissue, combined with surrounding healthy tissue. Developed into mature heart cells.

Significance

Corresponding author Charles Murry said: "Our findings show that human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes can re-muscle the infarct of the macaque heart and thereby reduce the size of the scar and restore a lot of heart function. This will bring hope to heart patients. ."

Murry pointed out that their goal is to develop a way to treat patients shortly after a heart attack to prevent heart failure. “Because heart cells have a long lifespan, no additional treatment is needed. In addition, transplanted stem cells can also be genetically engineered to reduce the risk of immune rejection.”

"We want to create a 'one-size-fits-all' treatment with frozen 'ready-made' cells, like O-negative blood, which can enter any recipient and produce only modest immunosuppression," he concluded.

References: 1) Stem cells restore function in primate heart-failure study

Original title: The heart of the monkey has been "repaired". Is humanity far behind? Stem cells "rebirth" human heart just around the corner

Source: Bio-Exploration

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