The quality of the garden is directly related to the growth, development, fruit productivity, stable yield and cultivation benefits of early-quality high-quality walnuts. To this end, strict technical standards must be adhered to and high standards should be established.
1 Garden selection The gardens should be selected on sunny slopes, sunny slopes, flat lands and well-drained terraces on sunny slopes and semi-sunny slopes. Soils should be suitable for water retention, good air permeability and sandy loam soil, and the soil layers should be deep, with irrigation conditions.
2 site preparation
To build a garden on a slope, Tian Fan must complete the horizontal terraces and plant them. For those with more complex terrain, fish scale pits can be repaired first, then the tree trays can be gradually enlarged, and finally the double terraced fields can be completed.
The digging, planting, or ditching is carried out during the summer season in the summer and during the spring in the previous year. In the repaired level terraces or flat grounds, the planting trenches with a depth of 1 m and a colonization depth of 1 m were excavated according to a certain line spacing, and topsoil and soil were placed separately. When filling back the soil, fill the topsoil first, and mix 20 to 30 kilograms of high-quality organic fertilizer with 1 to 2 layers of firewood at the bottom or each planting hole to increase soil organic matter. Fill the pits and water them in time to make the soil solid.
3 planting technology
Planting period can be planted in autumn and spring. The best cultivation in autumn is conducive to the recovery of the root system and the survival rate is higher.
The planting density of early-fruiting superior walnuts results early and yields high, so the vegetative growth is relatively slow, the tree is small, suitable for dense planting, the general density is 2 to 3 meters, 3 to 5 meters, the soil fertile land is appropriately thin, the soil quality Barren plots are more dense.
Selection of fine varieties of walnuts has the characteristics of dichogamy, so it is advisable to configure the pollination tree. The male and female types should be planted together. The earliest types of males are: Liao 1, Liao 4, Liao 7, Xiangling and Fenghui. The female-type early-maturing varieties include: Zhonglin 1, Zhonglin 5, Shaanxi Nuclear 1, Xilin 2, Green Wave and Gift 2. The main cultivars and pollination cultivars can be arranged in a ratio of 4:1 to 10:1. When planting, shoots are full of sprouts, no pests, and no damage to healthy seedlings.
Planting method Dig a 40 cm square planting plant resistance at the planting point or planting site, and mix 2 to 3 kg of decomposed high-quality organic fertilizer in the excavated part of the soil. Fill the seedlings into the hole and step on the soil with the filling. In fact, the soil and the root system close. A water dish with a diameter of 50 cm was made around the trunk, fully watered, and the soil was sealed with water after seepage. After spring planting or in the second year after autumn planting, the spring tree covers 1 square meter of film, which can increase ground temperature, reduce soil moisture evaporation, help seedlings survive, and shorten seedlings.
Planting Notes 1 Check the grafting interface before planting, and untie the unbound solution; 2 Cut off the sprouts of the seedlings; 3 Use a pruning shear to cut out the new roots of the main root and lateral roots; 4 The size of the seedlings planted in the same garden is the same. Vertical and horizontal lines, the park is neat, easy to manage; 5 when planting, the interface should be exposed to the ground to marry, and the position of the cover soil is equal to the original soil and India.
4 post-planting management
1 Strengthen care and prevent the harm of humans and animals; 2 Pay attention to the prevention and treatment of food bud pests such as chafers. 3 do a good job of young trees cold work. The superior walnut saplings are poor in cold resistance. Therefore, in the year of planting and 2 to 3 years afterwards, the saplings should be protected against cold and pullouts. Specific methods: In the first year after the autumn, the plants are buried and protected from the cold. Before the soil is frozen, the young trees are gently bent so that the top is in contact with the ground, and then the soil is buried well. The thickness of the buried soil is generally 20 to 40 cm. After thawing, remove the cold soil in time and straighten the saplings. The second year branches were wrapped in newspapers or plastic sheets.
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