Character identification
(1) The stems in the lower and middle part of the stem are cylindrical and slightly curved in "zigzag" shape. The length is 18-42cm, the middle diameter is 0.4-1cm, and the internode length is 1.5-6cm. The surface is golden or green-yellow, shiny, with deep longitudinal grooves and vertical lines. The joints are slightly enlarged, brown, and often have residual gray-brown sheaths. Light and brittle, with loose sections. Gas slightly, bitter.
(2) Stonegrass
Beautiful flower sarcophagus: stems slender cylindrical, often curved, coiled into a group or tied into a long 11 ~ 40cm, diameter 1 ~ 3mm, internode length 0.4 ~ 2.3cm. The surface is golden yellow, shiny, with fine vertical stripes. The quality is flexible and real, and the section is flat. No gas, taste bitter, sticky.
Dendrobium candidum: Sheath sheath often shorter than internodes, leaving a ring gap, tasteless or slightly bitter.
Yellow grass stone pods: stems slender cylindrical, middle and upper irregular curved, length 23 ~ 120cm, diameter 2 ~ 5mm, internode length 2 ~ 3.5cm. The surface is golden yellow or brown-yellow, with vertical stripes, light weight, easy to break, and slightly fibrous in section. Micro gas, slightly bitter taste, chewing sticky.
The whip sarcophagus: The stem is slender and conical, with a few branches at the top, 30 to 150 cm in length, 2 to 8 mm in diameter, and 2 to 4.5 cm in internode length. The surface is brown-yellow with 8 to 9 longitudinal grooves. Loose, cross-sectional fiber. Gas slightly, bitter taste. Goods often cut into 1.5 ~ 3cm long section, gray cut surface.
Earrings Dendrobium: Stems processed by helical springs, commonly known as "West Fengdou", generally 2 to 4 spiral lines, straight after the length of 3.5 ~ 8cm, diameter 1.5 ~ 3mm, internode length 1 ~ 3.5cm. Some are kinked or twisted into a circle, and they are known as "knots and buckets" or "round maple bucket". The surface is yellow-green-yellow. There are fine vertical stripes, and at one end, the short fibrous roots left by the base of the stem are visible. Solid quality, easy to break, flat section. Chewing sticky, no slag, sweet.
Fresh sarcophagus: cylindrical or flat cylindrical stem, about 30cm long, diameter 0.4 ~ 1.2cm. The surface is yellow-green, smooth or vertical, the section is obvious, and the color is dark. There are membranous leaf sheaths on the nodes. Succulent, juicy, easy to break. Gas slightly, taste bitter and sweet back. Chews sticky.
[3] Dry stone sarcophagus: It is better to use golden color, luster and softness. The earrings of Dendrobium are better with yellow-green, plump, and strong. Fresh sarcophagus is preferably yellow-green, plump, juicy, and chewing sticky.
Microscopic identification of stem cross sections:
Shi Wei
(1) Dendrobium nobile epidermis cells are flat, thick cuticle, orange yellow. The subcutaneous cells are 2 to 3 columns with thin walls and microcarp horns. Most of the vascular bundles in the column are arranged in 7-8 circles. The limited external toughness vascular bundles have 1 to 4 rows of fibers on the outside of the vascular bundle. The walls are very thick, with tiny parenchyma cells embedded in the outer rim, some containing round siliceous blocks, and no fibers on the inside or 1 to 2 rows of fibers. A small number of mucous cells, containing calcium oxalate needle beam, length 50 ~ 130μm.
(2) The vascular bundles of Cyperus radix are arranged in 3 to 4 circles, and the fibers on the outside of vascular bundles have 2 to 5 arrays of fibers. The xylem vessels have 1 to 2 larger vessels. The needle beam length is 50 to 74 μm.
(3) The vascular bundles of the yellow herbaceous pebbles are arranged in 5-6 circles, the fibrous bundles on the outside of the vascular bundles have 1 to 6 rows of fibers; there are more siliceous blocks; and there are 1 to 3 xylem vessels larger. The needle beam length is 47-83 μm.
Dendrobium - Chinese herbal medicine
(4) The whip stone skin cells are oblate, and the outer wall and side wall are thickened, woody, and stratified. Subcutaneous fibers 3 to 4 columns. The vascular bundles are arranged slightly in 6 to 7 circles. Vascular bundles on the outside of the vascular bundle have 2 to 8 rows of fibers, with more siliceous masses.
(5) Earrings Dendrobium vascular bundles are arranged in 4 to 5 circles. Vascular bundles on the outside of the vascular bundle have 1 to 4 rows of fibers; the xylem vessel size is similar. Needle-bearing cells are mostly seen near the epidermis, needle beam length 60 ~ 108μm.
Powder characteristics:
The golden ash stems are gray and green.
The bundle sheath fibers are bundled or scattered, micro-lignified, and the pits are sparse. Siliceous cells around the fiber bundles line up in longitudinal rows.
Calcium oxalate crystallites are present in parenchyma cells and are approximately 170 μm long.
Epidermal cells have a long polygonal surface view, and the peripheral wall of the epidermis is thickened with beads, and there are reticular cracks on the surface of the stratum corneum.
There are many bundles of wood fibers, more pits, and thin-walled cells with fine pitted holes.
Drug Application Identification
Dendrobium potted plants
Fresh stone sarcophagus heat and fluid, strong, warm evil into the blood of the camp fever, hot fever and hot when used, dry sarcophagus Ziyin Qingbu long, late fever, yin deficiency and heat are suitable. Dendrobium candidum, Dendrobium nobile, strong drug; Huoshan Dendrobium, suitable for the elderly virtual person, lack of Yin fluid, earrings Dendrobium, Sheng Jin but not cold, with the generation of tea, appetizers and spleen. Both Dendrobium and Polygonatum have the function of nourishing yin, producing fluid, and functioning similarly. However, Dendrobium is salty and cold, and there is clearness in the complement. In order to raise the yin of the stomach and kidney, the odoratum is rich in turbidness, but it is not greasy. The two drugs are different in the same way. Taste: sweet; slightly cold. [4]
Chemical identification of traditional Chinese medicine: thin layer chromatography: take this product coarse powder placed in the flask, add a small amount of concentrated ammonia wet, add chloroform extraction, the extract is concentrated and then spotted, to the reference substance of scopolamine, respectively, on the silica gel G sheet Chloroform-methanol (10:0.8) unfolded (saturated with ammonia vapour), improved potassium iodide coloration, and the sample chromatogram showed the same orange-red spot at the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the reference substance.
Medicinal herbs: The stems of Orchidaceae, Dendrobium nobile, Dendrobium nobile, Dendrobium candidum, Dendrobium nobile, and whip stone Dendrobium.
Dosage: Oral: decoction 6 ~ 15g, fresh product doubled; or into the pill, scattered; Fresh stone sarcophagus is strong in heat and fluid, and it is suitable for hot-blood wounds; dry sarcophagus is suitable for heat-insucking yin in the stomach.
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