Strawberry wants high yield, strawberry seedling management is the key.
Do a good job of breeding and raising strong seedlings
There are mainly three kinds of breeding methods for strawberry seedlings, namely ramets ramets, underground stem ramets, seeds seedlings.
1. Breeding of litters. After harvesting the berry, adding 1 quick-acting fertilizer, you can take a large number of students to take the stem (also called the stem), choose to grow robustly, go without the pests and go to the stem, press the fine soil at the festival, and then in a few days The minister made new roots, formed a stem seedling and issued young leaves. When three leaves are formed, they are cut at both ends of the stem, picked from the mother branch, and cultivated in situ. Before and after the autumn, they are transplanted in different places. The results can be obtained in the second year of spring. Generally, 3 to 5 stems are kept per stem, and 2 to 3 shoots are propagated for each stem.
2. Reproduction of underground stems. When the strawberry garden is renewed and transformed, old plants are cut off, and more root systems are kept. The seedlings with 2 to 3 leaves are transplanted again. This kind of “rejuvenation†method is better for early autumn. Leap years can result.
3. New seeds sown. The seeds can be renewed and transformed in July-August of the same year, and can also be sown in the spring of the second year. Before sowing, the seeds are soaked in water for 12 hours. After the expansion, they are sprinkled on the prepared fine soil seed bed and sprinkled with water. Covering the membrane, it can emerge in about 10 days. The seedling grows 4 leaf time seedlings. After the seedling grows strong, it will be planted in Daejeon.
Strawberry transplanting
The transplanting time is controlled around the beginning of autumn. When the temperature is about 15°C, the survival rate can reach 95%. When the temperature is 25°C, the survival rate is about 50%; at 30°C, the survival rate is about 10%, so the temperature is 15°C. ~25°C is appropriate, and it should be carried out on cloudy days. If it is transplanted on sunny days, it must be shaded. Density determination principle: When planting in double rows, the spacing between plants is 15-20 cm, and the spacing is 50-100 cm. Single-row planting spacing 15 to 25 cm, spacing 50 to 120 cm, transplanting, in addition to the entire fine soil, Shizu base fertilizer, the transplanted seedlings to be higher than the ground level. At the same time, irrigating water and faeces to ensure the survival rate, so that the seedlings do not become fat and grow robustly.
Careful management
1. Drought prevention. After planting in the fall and the autumn, we must pay attention to drought prevention and flood control, and often water the plants. In case of autumn and rain, we must pay attention to drainage, clean up the irrigation and drainage channels in Datian, maintain good conditions for permeation, and promote root development.
2. Reasonably top-dressing. New planting land per acre, a recovery of 4 kg of urea, 40 to 50 kg of compound fertilizer, Wang long seedlings can be applied less fertilizer. If a stem is to be taken, remove it in time to reduce nutrient consumption.
3. Weeding and weeding. After cultivating in Daejeon, the net soil is finely ground and weeds are removed. Care should be taken not to bury the heart and leaves, and the old leaves of the base can be removed at the same time to reduce the wet shoots of the ground and maintain the light transmission.
4. Keep warm and warm. After entering the winter, keep it warm and cold, increase the cover, and cover it with a plastic film or bamboo shed to keep warm. In spring, with the temperature rising, when the temperature is above 12°C, after the stability, the cover is removed, and water, fertilizer, gas and heat are coordinated to promote growth.
5. Leaf spraying fertilizer. During budding to flowering stage of strawberry, foliar fertilizer can be sprayed 2-3 times, using a mixture of potassium permanganate and ammonium molybdate in a concentration of 6%, or 3% boric acid solution, and the time is chosen in the afternoon 4 Spray after point. Can also spray nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium solution 0.3% ~ 0.6%, once a week, can increase production 15% ~ 25%.
6. Prevent rotten fruit. Because strawberry plants are dwarf, and some strawberry berries cause rot due to the contact with the ground, in the fruit growing period, wheat straw (smooth surface of wheat straw and water) is cut into 15 cm long sections and laid around the plants. Berries are protected from mildew. At the same time, on the basis of high-rising ridges during transplanting, the drainage ditch is often cleaned to prevent the high temperature of waterlogging. When the berry ripens, it picks one tree and picks it one at a time. It picks and sells the fresh fruit in time in the morning. If it is used for processing preserved fruit, jams, etc., it must be processed in time to avoid deterioration and quality.
Pest control
Disease prevention and control: 1. Strawberry gray mold. Brown patches were formed on the flowers, fruits and leaves, dense gray mold, fruit softening and spoilage. Control methods are: reduce the plant density, remove the old leaves, after the onset can be used Kede Dan WP 800 times or 25% 1500 ~ 2000 times spray of Rhizoctonia, can play a good role.
2. Strawberry powdery mildew. Occurred mainly on the leaves, fruit and fruit stems can be severe when the disease occurs, a dense layer of white or gray moldy material, so that the fruit loses its commercial value. The prevention and control method is: before the transplanting, the thiophanate-methyl WP can be used to dip the plant 1000 times for 5 minutes, and the hydrazine manganese WP can be used for 2500-4000 times. All have good results.
3. Strawberry snake eye disease. It mainly occurs on the leaves, especially after the fruit is harvested, it is easy to get the disease. In the early stage, small spots with purplish red inconspicuousness were generated first, and then gradually expanded into a circle or an ellipse. The lesions were purple-brown around and the center was grayish-brown, resembling a snake eye. It had no harm to the fruit, and it affected the yield and quality. Not great. Prevention methods are: to strengthen the pastoral management, chemical control, can spray thiophanate-methyl 10000 ~ 2000 times, spray every 7 to 10 days, and even spray three times.
Prevention of pests: Insect pests that impede the normal growth of strawberries, mainly maggots, aphids, and locusts transmit viruses, and the old leaves that have been removed must be burned. It is forbidden to use pesticides to prevent pests during fruit harvesting.
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