Dairy cows are more cold-tolerant and are more afraid of high temperatures. The heat causes damage or imbalance in the heat balance. This phenomenon is called "heat stress". Not only does the milk production and reproduction rate decrease significantly, but also the resistance weakens and the incidence rate increases. Therefore, summer temperatures are high. The management of dairy cows should be based on heatstroke prevention. The specific practices are as follows:
First, adjust the breeding environment temperature. During the summer season, the temperature is high, the light is strong, and the weather is hot. Dairy cow sweat glands are not developed, more afraid of heat. When the temperature in the barn exceeds 30 degrees, it will hinder the distribution of calories on the body surface of the cow, and the metabolic disorder will occur. Therefore, ventilation holes or doors and windows are often opened during the summer season to promote air circulation and lower the temperature of the cowhouse. Conditional electric fans can be installed in the cowshed. When the weather is hot every afternoon after milking, spray water to the body with clear water to increase the appetite of the cow. Playing field should be the erection of a pergola, sun and rain to prevent cows were found when cows breathing difficulties, can be boiled mung bean soup to cool Beverage, and with "Balm" wipe cow forehead, sides of the temple Lee nose, refreshing hot weather.
Second, adjust the rational diet feeding, in order to enable cows to maintain a higher lactation, in order to enhance the palatability of cattle, properly adjust the diet composition, reduce the proportion of crude fiber, in addition to diversification of the species of concentrate, to increase protein levels, and feed more and more high-quality and grass, vegetable species, melons and other green fodder, the implementation of grazing at night, night feeding, etc., are also a good way to heatstroke.
Third, for drinking enough water. The amount of drinking water of cows is related to the outside air temperature, lactation, individuals, breeds, and ages. Generally, the lactating cows drink about l00 kilograms of water a day. In addition to feeding the trough water after the feeding, free drinking troughs should be set up on the sports grounds for each feeding. Put the material into the trough and appropriate water injection to lure the cow to drink. Not only can it meet clean drinking water, but it also plays a good role in mitigating the "heat stress" response. At the same time, 0.5% salt can also be placed in drinking water to promote the digestion of cows and ensure that the body's water metabolism is normal.
Fourth, eliminate mosquitoes and flies to prevent poisoning. In the summer season, there are more mosquitoes and flies, which not only bite the cattle, affect the cows' rest, and reduce the milk production, but also spread diseases through mosquitoes and flies. Therefore, screens can be added to the cowshed to prevent mosquitoes and flies from biting the bovine body. Also, 90% of trichlorfon can be sprayed with 600--800 times fluid to kill mosquitoes and flies. The liquid penetrates into the milk to prevent poisoning. At the same time, pesticides are used frequently and carelessly during the season. They often cause poisoning in dairy cows. Therefore, do not cut grass and grazing on farmland where pesticides and chemical fertilizers are sprayed. Can not be fed with cattle, to prevent poisoning.
Fifth, pay attention to doing a good job of health. In the summer season, cow dung is easily fermented and the bacteria multiply, affecting the health of cows. Therefore, it is necessary to clean the barn, eliminate manure, ventilate and change the air, keep the barn clean, dry and cool, regularly sterilize, rinse the cow bed regularly with clean water, and brush the body of cow 1 to 2 times a day before milking. The unclean parts of the hindquarters can be washed with warm water. It is necessary to create a good living environment for the cows and ensure that the cows can safely pass through the midsummer.
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