Release date: 2014-09-28

Recent studies have found that more than 40% of patients who have undergone breast cancer surgery need to undergo another operation because the surgeon may not be able to treat the lesions clean enough during the initial surgery. However, researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) have successfully tested a tool they developed that will help doctors better differentiate between malignant breast tissue and normal tissue, thereby reducing the chance of repeat surgery.

This tool, called Desorption Electrospray Ionization (DESI) Mass Spectrometry (or Desorption Electrospray Ionization Spectroscopy), is a molecule that turns a molecule into a charge, called an ion, so that it can be identified by mass spectrometry. The contents of the tissue sample can be identified by ion mass spectrometry. The tool ejects a microfluid of charged solvent onto the surface of the tissue to collect information about the molecular composition and produce a color image that reveals the nature and concentration of the tumor cells.

The researchers used DESI mass spectrometry to observe the distribution and amount of fatty acids, called lipids. These lipids were obtained from 61 samples of breast tissue and normal tissue, which were obtained from 14 breast cancer patients who had undergone mastectomy. This software program is used to characterize breast cancer tumors and to define the boundaries between healthy and cancerous tissues.

Researchers have discovered several fatty acids, such as oleic acid. Compared with healthy tissue, oleic acid is abundantly present in breast cancer tissues. This result also confirmed that the lesion tissue can be more accurately detected using conventional pathological methods.

"Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of using DESI mass spectrometry to identify cancerous tissue and normal breast tissue," Dr. Nathalie Agar said. "The results can help surgeons use it to quickly detect residual tumor tissue in breast cancer surgery. Can effectively reduce the number of repetitive surgeries."

Source: Bio Valley

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