First, under the clear tree
After the fruit is harvested, timely collection of dead branches, fallen leaves, rotten fruit, weeds, etc. in the orchard will be concentrated or burned, which will eliminate a large number of overwintering pests and diseases.
Second, turn the tree disk
Deeply cultivating the tree plate is not only an important measure to improve the soil and promote the production of fruit trees, but also an effective method to eliminate overwintering pests and diseases. The overwintering peach borer, Myzus persicae, and mycosis can be turned to the surface and frozen to death, dried or eaten by natural enemies, so that some of the germs and pests that overwinter in the ground dead leaves, fallen leaves and weeds are buried underground. Can not be normally feathered and suffocated, thus reducing the overwintering base.
Third, scrape the bark
The old fruit trees, rough skin, cracks and trunk cracks are often lurking with a large number of pathogens and pests overwintering, winter bark bark has a good control effect on a variety of diseases and insect pests. After the shaved orchards, the overwintering larvae of P. sinensis and P. sinensis reduced by 80-90%, P. edulis and P. edulis reduced by 60-80%, and C. bengalensis decreased by 70-80%.
Fourth, coated trunk
White trunks in winter can not only prevent the sunburn and freezing damage of fruit trees, but also eliminate a large number of pathogens and pests that overwinter over the trunk. The proportion of whitening agent is generally: 10 parts of quicklime, 2 parts of lime sulfur, 0.2 parts of animal oil, 1-2 parts of salt, 2 parts of clay and 35-40 parts of water. The whitening time is best for 2 times, the first time after the fruit trees are defoliated and before the soil is frozen; the second time is in the early spring.
Five, tied grass
The use of pests to select sites for wintering should be carried out in the autumn of August-September in the main trunk of fruit trees or traps, trapping insects to pupate the winter, and then focus on killing. This method has an effect of trapping 47% to 78% for the apple fruit and fruit borer. It also has a good trapping effect on red spider mites, jujube armyworm, apple leaf roller moth and leaf roller moth, especially in the current year. When the density of overwintering population is large, the trapping effect is more obvious.
Six spray powder
During the dormant period, the deciduous fruit trees are sprayed with 1-2 diesel oil emulsions with 4-5% oil content and Baume's 5 degree lime sulfur mixture to harm various species of scale insects, red spiders and apple rot, and black pear trees. Star disease has a significant control effect.
Orchard intercropping five attention
1. It is not appropriate to use corn and sorghum and other high-stalk crops between high and low, and it should be used as dwarf crops such as beans.
2. Crops with long growth periods should not be used for long periods, and crops with short growth periods such as rape and garlic should be used.
3. It is not appropriate to use deep-rooted crops with strong root systems and strong soil consumption. They should not be used as herbs or potatoes.
4. It is not appropriate to use crops that are not suitable for the same period of harvest and fruit and insect pests as fruit crops.
5. Should not be close to the trunk or under the canopy, should be vertical projection 30-50 cm outside the tree.
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