Fertilizer requirement
Sweet (spicy) is an annual herb. Sweet pepper has strong adaptability to the soil and is suitable for loosening, water conservation, fertilizer conservation, fertility, neutral to slightly acidic soil. The sweet pepper growth cycle includes the germination period, the seedling stage, and the flowering result period.
The sweet pepper has high nutrient content, long growth period, and requires large amount of fertilizer. It is generally believed that nitrogen (N) 3.5-5.5kg, phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) 0.7-1.4kg, and potassium oxide (K2O) 5.5 per 1000kg sweet pepper. -7.2kg, calcium (Ca) 2-5kg, magnesium oxide (MgO) 0.7-3.2kg.
The absorption of nutrients in the seedling stage of sweet pepper is less, and it mainly concentrates in the result period. At this time, the most nutrients are absorbed. The amount of nutrients absorbed by bell peppers at different growth stages is different. The absorption of nitrogen increases steadily with the development of fertility. The yield of fruits increases, and the absorption increases. Although the absorption of phosphorus increases with the development of fertility, the variation of absorption is smaller. The absorption of potassium is low in the early stage of growth. From the early stage of fruit harvesting, the absorption increases significantly and continues until the end. The absorption of calcium also increases with the development of the growing period. If calcium is insufficient during the fruit development period, it is prone to umbilical rot. The absorption peak of magnesium appears at the peak of fruit harvesting, and it is less absorbed at the early stage of growth. The distribution of nutrients absorbed by sweet pepper plants in various organs also varies with the growth period. Before the result phase, nitrogen is mainly distributed in stems and leaves, accounting for more than 80% of the total nitrogen absorption, with the In the form of enlargement, the amount of nutrients distributed in the fruit gradually increased. The amount of nutrients absorbed from the fruit during flowering to harvesting accounted for only 17.2%, the harvesting period was 24.4%, and the pre-harvest period was as high as 33.6%. The absorbed calcium and magnesium are mainly distributed in leaves, followed by stems and fruits, and less in roots.
Fertilization technology
The fertilizing amount per mu for the whole growth period of sweet pepper is 3000-3500kg for farmyard fertilizer (or 400-450kg for commercial organic fertilizer), 18-22kg for nitrogen fertilizer (N), 6-8kg for phosphate fertilizer (P2O5), 12-15kg for potassium fertilizer (K2O), organic Fertilizer is used as base fertilizer, nitrogen and potassium fertilizer are used as base fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer. Phosphate fertilizer is used as base fertilizer and fertilizer and farmyard fertilizer (or commodity organic fertilizer) are mixed and applied.
1. Base fertilizer. The basal fertilizer is applied to 3000-3500 kg per mu (or 400-450 kg of organic fertilizer), 5-6 kg of urea, 13-17 kg of diammonium phosphate, and 7-9 kg of potassium sulfate.
2. Top dressing. Pepper enlargement fertilizer during the period: per acre topdressing urea 9-10kg, potassium sulfate 5-6kg.
During the period of pepper enlargement, top dressing: During this period of time, the plants have a large number of flowering and fruit setting. Fruit enlargement and continued branching of the plants require more nutrients, which is the peak period of fertilizer requirement. Therefore, the flower and fruit fertilizer should be reapplied during this period. Per acre topdressing urea 12-14kg, potassium sulfate 7-8kg.
Four-door douche fertilizer: 9-10kg urea and 5-6kg potassium sulfate per acre.
3. Top dressing. During the fruiting period of sweet pepper, fertilizers such as 0.3%-0.5% urea and 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed according to the growth conditions, which can increase the number of results and the yield and quality of fruits. Generally, it takes 7-10 days once. Spray 2-3 times. When symptoms of calcium deficiency, magnesium deficiency, or boron deficiency appear, they can be sprayed with 0.3% calcium chloride, 1% magnesium sulfate, or 0.1-0.2% borax aqueous solution 2-3 times. Facilities can be grown with carbon dioxide gas fertilizer.
An organic compound formed by dehydration of amino acids, containing carboxyl and amino groups, and being amphoteric. Also known as "peptide".
Two, one of the amide. It consists of two or more amino acids joined by the amino group of one amino acid to the carboxyl group of the other. An amino acid cannot be called a peptide, nor can a peptide be synthesized, but must be a compound of two or more amino acids linked by a peptide bond. Compounds where two amino acids are linked by a peptide bond are called dipeptides; A compound with three amino acids linked by peptide bonds is called a tripeptide, and so on, a compound with thirty-four amino acids linked by peptide bonds is called a thirty-four peptide.
A peptide is a chain of polymers of amino acids
A peptide is a chain of polymers of amino acids
Three, is related to the biological body of a variety of cell functions of biological active substances. Hundreds of peptides have been found in living organisms, which are essential participants in the body's complex physiological activities. All cells can synthesize peptides and their functional activities are regulated by peptides. It involves hormones, nerves, cell growth and reproductive fields, and its importance lies in the regulation of various systems, organs and cells in the body. The physiological and pharmacological effects of enzymatic polypeptides are mainly to activate related enzymes in vivo, promote the permeability of intermediate metabolic membrane, or affect specific protein synthesis by controlling DNA transcription or translation, and eventually produce specific physiological effects or play their pharmacological effects. Peptide is better than amino acid, one is faster than amino acid absorption; Second, it is absorbed by the body in a complete form; Third, active absorption (amino acids are passive absorption); Fourth, low consumption, compared with amino acids, peptide absorption has the characteristics of low consumption or no energy consumption, peptide absorption through the duodenum, directly into the blood circulation, their own energy nutrition transported to various parts of the human body; Fifth, peptide absorption is less than amino acid, with the characteristics of unsaturated; Sixth, there are only 20 kinds of amino acids, with countable functions, while peptides take amino acids as substrates, which can be synthesized into hundreds of thousands of kinds.
It is mainly divided into medical polypeptide drugs, peptide antibiotics, vaccines, antimicrobial peptides for agricultural use, small peptides for feed, cosmetics for daily use, soybean polypeptides for food, corn polypeptides, yeast polypeptides and sea cucumber peptides.
From the functional point of view, can be divided into antihypertensive peptide, antioxidant peptide, cholesterol lowering peptide, opioid active peptide, high F value oligopeptide, food strong taste peptide and so on.
Active peptide, and nutrition, hormone, enzyme inhibition, regulation of immunity, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant has a very close relationship. Polypeptides are generally divided into: polypeptide drugs and polypeptide health products. Traditional peptide drugs are mainly peptide hormones. The development of peptide drugs has been developed into various fields of disease prevention and treatment, especially in the following fields. [2]
Antitumor polypeptide
Tumorigenesis is the result of many factors, but ultimately all involve the regulation of oncogene expression. In 2013, many tumor-related genes and regulatory factors have been discovered. Screening peptides specifically bound to these genes and regulatory factors has become a new hot spot in the search for anticancer drugs. For example, somatostatin has been used to treat endocrine tumors of the digestive system; American scholars found a hexapeptide can significantly inhibit adenocarcinoma in vivo; Swiss scientists have discovered an octapeptide that induces apoptosis in tumor cells. [2]
Antiviral polypeptide
By binding to specific receptors on host cells, viruses adsorb cells and rely on their own specific proteases for protein processing and nucleic acid replication. Therefore, peptides binding to host cell receptors or active sites such as viral proteases can be selected from the peptide library for antiviral therapy. In 2013, many small peptides with antiviral properties have been screened from peptide banks in Canada, Italy and other countries, and some small peptides have entered the stage of clinical trials. In June 2004, the Chinese Academy of Sciences institute of Microbiology came out of the news, which was undertaken by the Chinese Academy of Sciences known
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