Maize is one of the main grain crops in my county. The level of corn production not only plays an important role in the total grain output of our county, but also directly affects the economic income of farmers. The country has successively put forward the slogan “grain is the key, grain is not stable, and there is no foodâ€, which fully demonstrates the importance of developing grain production. Therefore, guiding the people to use corn varieties scientifically and adopting complementary technical measures is an important prerequisite for the high yield of corn, and it is also the function of our law enforcement (seed) departments.
I. Scientific selection of corn varieties
(a) Select the approved variety. Through the corn varieties approved by the state and the province, the indexes of adaptability, yield, quality, resistance (resistance to disease, resistance to insects, resistance to stress) all meet or exceed the standards for production use. These varieties have strong high yield and stability. Therefore, the approved variety is the first choice for farmers.
(b) Select good resistant varieties. The resistance of a variety refers to the disease resistance of the variety (eg, head smut, leaf spot, leaf spot disease, curvulariasis, stem rot, etc.), insect resistance (such as corn borer, aphid, etc.) , resistance to resistance (anti-lodging, drought, anti-mite, etc.) and other characteristics. Only by selecting good resistant varieties can we resist adverse weather conditions and other unfavorable factors and reduce output losses.
(3) Choose the species that suits its own soil conditions. When selecting corn varieties, it should not be blind, and it should be adapted to local conditions. According to the natural conditions of own plots, we should reasonably select suitable seeds for the road. In the low-lying land, the ground temperature rises slowly, and early-maturing varieties should be selected to ensure that the corn in autumn is safe and mature; for soils with good soil fertility and high sunnyness and high topography, relatively mature varieties should be selected.
(d) choose a good variety of goods. The pros and cons of corn commodity is one of the important factors that increase farmers' income. Therefore, it is an important measure to increase the value of corn by choosing good maize varieties with good commercial quality. Farmers and friends should pay attention to the selection of grain and feed-use varieties when they purchase crops. This will not only improve the quality of food products, but also produce ideal yields, and at the same time, they will gain considerable benefits.
(e) The selected varieties should be diversified. Do not choose a single variety of corn, be diversified. According to the soil, fertility and climatic conditions, each farmer should select 2-3 varieties. Different varieties and plants can play a complementary role in order to effectively resist natural disasters, reduce disaster losses, and promote income growth.
(6) Select seeds of good quality. Pay attention to the selection of seeds of good quality. Look at whether the seed packaging is intact and whether the label is standardized. Seeds with neat particle size, fresh and bright grain color, uniform seed size and water content up to standard are good seeds. At the same time, we must pay attention to see if the four quality standards for seeds at the national level are in accordance with the purity of 98%, the bud rate of 85%, the cleanliness of 98%, and moisture of 15%.
Second, the scientific application of corn varieties
(a) appropriate sowing. When the soil temperature is stable at 8°C, the temperature is stable at 10°C, and the soil moisture is good, it should be sown in time. In the suitable sowing period, late-maturing varieties should be sowed early to ensure normal maturation in autumn; early-maturing varieties should be sown late to prevent premature aging at the late reproductive stage.
(B) rational close planting. Reasonable dense planting is an important condition for ensuring the normal development of crops, and it is also a prerequisite for obtaining good crop yields. According to species characteristics and local soil conditions, the natural conditions for proper close planting, improper density will bring undue losses.
(c) with planting. Different varieties have different characteristics, and they can be planted according to the characteristics of the varieties. The advantages of the varieties can be used to increase the ability of the crops to resist natural disasters and to increase yields.
(D) Scientific planting based on the characteristics of the species. Varieties of susceptive corn smut should choose suitable seed coating agents for coating treatment; cultivars of susceptibility corn worms should pay attention to prevention and control of corn mash; if they are not resistant to lodging, they should pay attention to the application of potash fertilizer and dwarfing and rooting treatment. . This scientific use of improved varieties can also increase corn production.
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