In recent years, with the rise of vegetable greenhouses and the ever-increasing scale, the problem of soil acidification in greenhouses has become more and more serious. Acidification of soil in greenhouses results in poor crop development and aggravation of diseases, which seriously affects the yield and quality of greenhouse vegetables and restricts the sustainable development of rural economy.
Reasons for soil acidification
1. Vegetables in greenhouses: Excessive base elements such as calcium, magnesium, and potassium have been removed from the soil, resulting in excessive consumption of potassium and trace elements in the soil and the development of soil acidification.
2. The application of a large number of physiological acid fertilizers has high temperature and humidity in the shed and little rain leaching effect. With the increase of cultivation years, the accumulation of acid radicals in the plough layer is serious, resulting in the acidification of the soil.
3. Due to the high multiple cropping index in greenhouses and the large amount of fertilizers, the soil organic matter content decreased, the buffer capacity decreased, and soil acidification problems aggravated.
4. The input ratio of high-concentration nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary compound fertilizer is too large, while the trace elements such as calcium and magnesium are relatively insufficient. It causes soil nutrient imbalance so that the calcium, magnesium and other base elements in the soil colloid are easily replaced by hydrogen ions.
Soil acidification hazards
1. Acidic soils produce fungus, the rhizosphere diseases increase, and the control is difficult. In particular, cruciferous clubroot disease and eggplant vegetables, bacterial wilt, Verticillium wilt increased.
2. The soil structure is destroyed, soil compaction, physical deterioration, resistance decline, and the ability of vegetables to resist drought and flood natural disasters weakened.
3. Under acidic conditions, the solubility of aluminum and manganese increases, the effectiveness increases, and it produces toxic effects on vegetables.
4. Under acidic conditions, the increase of hydrogen ions in the soil will produce an antagonistic effect on the absorption of other cations by vegetables.
Comprehensive prevention measures
Increasing the application of organic fertilizer to increase organic fertilizer can not only increase soil organic matter content in greenhouses, increase soil acidification buffer capacity, and increase soil pH, but also has high decomposition and utilization of organic materials in greenhouses. Increased soil nutrient availability. Improve the soil structure and promote the development of beneficial microorganisms in the soil and suppress the occurrence of vegetable diseases.
The proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium absorbed by formula fertilizers is generally 1:0.3:1.03, while the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium input for vegetable production is 1:1.09:0.54. There is too much phosphorus and less nitrogen and potassium. Promote the use of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio of two high compound fertilizer low middle, special emphasis on potassium input, as well as the input of trace elements, vigorously promote organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, coordination of nutrients, inhibition of soil acidification tendency.
Applying quicklime-improved soil Quicklime is applied to the soil to neutralize acidity, increase soil pH, and directly alter the acidification of the soil. And can add plenty of calcium to vegetables. The method of application smashed the quicklime, most of which passed through a 100 mesh sieve, and prior to sowing, the quicklime and the organic fertilizer were separately applied to the field. Then plough the lime and organic fertilizer as much as possible into the soil. Application rate: pH 5.0-5.4 with quick lime 130 kg/mu; pH 5.5-5.9 with quick lime 65 kg/mu; pH 6.0-6.4 with quick lime 30 kg/mu (in order to adjust 15 cm of acid soil layer).
Capillary Tubes,Glass Capillary Tubes,Lab Capillary Tubes,Disposable Capillary Tubes
Yancheng Rongtai Labware Co.,Ltd , https://www.rongtailab.com