(1) Root sucking fertilizer characteristics: pumpkin root system developed, the main root into the soil can be up to 2 meters deep, there are more than 20 primary roots, about 50 cm long, up to 140 cm, and can be divided into three, four Lateral roots, forming a strong root group, the main root system clusters in 10-40 cm plow layer. As the roots of the pumpkin are deep and widely distributed, the ability to absorb fertilizers and water is also very strong. It has strong drought resistance and barrenness resistance. The soil requirement is not strict, even if it grows in relatively thin plots. Planting squash in sticky and fertile soil is often caused by the fact that stems and leaves are too long to cause flowering and fruit drop, but yield is not high. Therefore, it is better to use sandy loam with deep soil layer, good drainage, and rapid temperature rising in early mature cultivation. For late maturity varieties, it is better to choose loam soil with strong water retention and fertility, and suitable soil pH is 6.5-7.5. When the soil fertility is sufficient, it should be closely planted, pruned in time, and picked up to the heart to make full use of fertility to achieve high yield.
(2) Pumpkin needs fertilizer dynamics: The absorption and absorption ratio of nutrients in different growth and development stages of pumpkin are different. Seedlings require less fertilizer, entering the period of fruit enlargement is the period of the largest amount of fertilizer, especially the absorption of nitrogen increased dramatically, potassium has a similar trend, phosphorus absorption increased less. According to a study by Miyazaki, Japan, the absorption of five elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium) was slowly increased in the first 1/3 of the 137 days from the time of planting to pulling a pod, and the middle 1/3 The time has grown rapidly, with the most significant increase in the last 1/3 of the time. The absorption of potassium and nitrogen in the five elements of the whole period was the highest, calcium was in the middle, and magnesium and phosphorus were the least. The increase in production is completely consistent with the general trend of the absorption of the five elements, and it is also rising rapidly in the last 1/3 of the time. The production of 1,000 kilograms of pumpkins requires absorption of nitrogen (N) 3.5-5.5 kg, phosphorus (P2O5) 1.5-2.2 kg, and potassium (K2O) 5.3-7.29 kg. Pumpkin has a good response to organic fertilizers such as manure and compost.
The excessive nitrogen fertilizer in the early growth stage of the pumpkin may cause the stems and leaves to grow long and the head melons may fall off easily. The application of nitrogenous fertilizer at late stage may affect fruit enlargement.
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