(I) Selection of suitable fine varieties
Rootstock species: Yunnan black-skinned pumpkin, "90-1" black-skinned pumpkin. Scion types: Blue Mountain Bitter Gourd, Xiang Bitter Gourd No. 3, Bincheng bitter gourd. Bitter gourd was sowed in mid-December, and the emergence temperature was 32°C white and 18°C ​​at night.
(B) Bitter gourd grafting and management
Bitter gourd and black seed pumpkin are generally selected by grafting method. When black seed pumpkin seedlings grow out of the heart, the bitter gourd seedlings are firmly attached when they grow 1 leaf and 1 heart. One day before grafting, the nutrient solution was sprinkled with water, soil moisture was maintained, and wound healing was promoted after grafting. The grafted seedlings were covered with a small shed and shading treatment. After 1-3 days after grafting, the whole day is shaded (negative on the cloudy side); after 3 days, half shade is required (from 10:00 am to 3:00 pm, light is seen at other times); no shading is required on the 7th day.
The temperature within one week after grafting was 32°C in the day, 20°C in the night, and the humidity was controlled between 90% and 94%. This will help improve the survival rate of the grafted seedlings. 8-10 days after grafting, cut the young roots of bitter gourd with a blade, reduce the relative humidity (60%-85%) of the air in the arch shed, increase the temperature difference between day and night, and strengthen the seedlings. The daytime temperature is 25°C-30°C and nighttime. 13°C-15°C. 5 days before planting, the arch shed was removed, so that the night temperature of the greenhouse was lowered to 10°C to enhance the cold-resistant ability of the grafted seedlings.
(c) timely planting, reasonable close planting
Grafting seedlings 5 ​​leaves 1 heart can be planted, 2500-3000 plants per acre. North and South to planting, 2 per hole. Note that the seedlings should not be planted too deep, so it is advisable not to bury the grafting interface. Usually, the grafting interface is 2 centimeters from the ground, otherwise the scion will produce adventitious roots at the interface, causing the plant to be susceptible to wilt disease and then losing the grafting effect. After the seedlings are planted, the method of opening the hole and seedlings is adopted for the buckled film, and the two ends of the film are tightened and firmly clamped with soil. Then, after pouring through the small ridges covered under the mulching film, the water is poured once, and then the replenishing water is poured again for 4-5 days.
(IV) Management after planting
The cultivator heat preservation promotes the growth of roots and vine leaves. After bitter gourd dumping, no longer cultivator, but weeding.
The plants were adjusted to reduce shading, and nylon ropes could be used instead of scaffolding. The practice is to put 4 wires on each ridge above the culm, and each ridge is pulled along the ridges. On this wire, one sling for each bitter gourd is attached. The lower end of the sling is tied directly to the root of the balsam pear. Then roll the balsam vine so that the nylon string is wrapped around the balsam vine. When hanging the vines, all the tops of the vines should be on the same low surface of the north, south, and south, so as to ensure uniform light reception. The height of this plane should not be higher than 2/3 of the corresponding height in the greenhouse.
Timely pruning When the main vine presents the first female flower, the pruning begins and the side branches of the base are cut off. When the main vine presents several small melons, the first unflowered small melon will be removed and the small melons will be adhered to. There are 2-4 compartments. After the main vines are put on the shelf, look at the side vines and see if there are any small melons. If there are any, save 3-4 melons and remove the tops of the vines. If not, cut them off from the base. Remove the remaining branches, tendrils, etc. at any time.
Water and fertilizer management In the early stage of squashing, small water irrigation, and the application of light human and animal dung, a small number of urea as a raising fertilizer. In the period of entering the melon period, more fertilizer and water are needed. You can use the chemical fertilizer of Shunshui Irrigation, and once every 15-20 days, apply urea or 20 kg of ammonium nitrate every 6 mu. Http://Content/3b93db08-446e-4706-a799-44403783263d?cType=2
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