Patients and doctors often don't know if they are successful after surgical removal of cancerous tissue until they are scanned a few months after surgery. Now, a new nanoparticle can show earlier whether the patient successfully removed all cancerous tissue after surgery.
Such nanoparticles are known as nanofolars. During the experiment, the particles will adhere to each individual cancer cell in the blood sample and then illuminate. Cancer cells can be detected or classified by laser assistance. Because there are many different types of cancer cells, some of which are far more deadly than others, you can detect these deadly cancer cells and collect them by using this technique, because these cells can also be in the culture dish after collection. By culturing, it is also easier to test some potential treatment options with nanoparticles before they are actually treated.
The researchers show that the nanoparticle currently detects different types of breast cancer cells in mice. They also showed that nanoparticles can recognize breast cancer cells after they are added to human blood. Their next step is to determine if the particles can detect cancer cells from blood samples taken from patients.
Each nano flare is composed of gold-coated fluorescent particles and DNA fragments. The DNA is selected to correspond to RNA found in a particular cancer cell. Once introduced into the blood sample, the nanoparticles enter the cancer cells and the nanoparticles' DNA will bind to the target RNA, triggering the release of fluorescent particles, causing the cancer cells to illuminate. Different types of cancer cells can be detected by combining different DNA fragments with different colored fluorescent particles.
Melissa Skala, a professor of biomedical engineering at Vanderbilt University, says circulating tumor cells are the deadliest cancer cells because they spread cancer cells. Such cells, to find them, are extremely challenging because they exist in very small quantities.
Other researchers are also developing similar methods to detect circulating tumor cells, but they usually use nanoparticles to bind to the surface of tumor cells. And this new method has two potential advantages. The first point is that this method allows us to better distinguish cancer cells. The second is that we can still keep cells alive in this way, so that they It can be cultured artificially, while other methods tend to destroy cells.
Earlier, foreign media reported that Google X Lab is also developing a miniature magnetic nanoparticle that can be used to inspect early signs of deadly diseases such as cancer and heart disease. In order to conduct project research, Google has recruited more than 100 experts in a variety of disciplines including astrophysics, immunology, biology, oncology, cardiology and chemistry. The technology developed by Google is the cells, proteins and other molecules that we have mentioned above attached to the human body. Google will let patients use their nanoparticles by taking pills.
It will still take several years for the nano flare-based test to obtain a clinical treatment license for the treatment of breast cancer or other types of disease. Because this technology allows us to culture or test specific types of cancer cells in the laboratory, nano- flares can help people better understand cancer and help people discover new therapeutic drugs before they are officially used in clinical practice.
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